成都双流机场院前急救患者现况分析

目的 分析成都双流机场院前急救患者的年龄、性别、病种、发病时间、发病季节、发病原因和死亡情况等,探讨机场急救患者的患病特点.方法 选取2015年1月至2016年1月出诊病历共1523例,描述性分析院前急救患者发病相关因素与其患病特点之间的关系.结果 1)双流机场院前急救患者,男776例,女747例,男女比例1.04:1;年龄1~85(44.56 ± 16.68)岁.2)排名前5的疾病是:外伤、神经系统、消化系统、呼吸系统和心血管系统;出诊高峰期在6~8月和11月~次年1月,平均出诊169次/月.外伤以6~9月最多,主要为车祸伤,其次为意外伤害;神经系统以2、6月较多;消化系统疾病以7月居多;呼吸系统以7、12月居多;心血管系统以8、11月较多.3)医务人员出诊到达时间(6.01 ± 1.26)min.4)死亡12例,其中,2例为肿瘤晚期病人,6例为心脏性猝死,4例为脑血管意外.结论 机场院前急救主要以外伤为主,具有季节性和区域性特点,应加强病患多发季节和对应航班的保障工作,加强意外伤害管理和防治,以及加强乘机相关疾病的旅行宣讲.暑运期间、西藏自治区旅游旺季为旅客疾病多发时间段,意外伤害为机场等公共场所特殊高发病种,通过对机场院前急救患者流行病特点调查分析,有利于急救人员针对性培训,做好旅行医疗宣讲,更好地分配急救资源.

Investigation and Analysis of Patients with Pre-hospital Emergency in Chengdu Shuangliu Airport

Objective To analyze the age,gender,disease category,time of onset,season of onset,cause of disease and death of the first-aid patients in Chengdu Shuangliu Airport and explore the epidemiological characteristics.Methods A total of 1,523 medical records from January of 2015 to January of 2016 were analyzed retrospectively to describe the relationship between the pathogenesis of the first-aid patients and the characteristics of epidemiology.Results Firstly,there were 776 males and 747 females among the first-aid patients of Shuangliu Airport from January of 2015 to January of 2016,and the ratio of male to female was 1.04:1.Their ages ranged from 1 to 85 years and the average age was(44.56 ± 16.68).Secondly,the top five diseases were trauma, neurological diseases,gastroenterological diseases,respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases.The peak periods of medical emergency were between June and August and between January and November of the following year.The average times of medical emergency were 169 times per month.The trauma incidence was the highest from June to September and the majority of traumas were caused firstly by traffic accidents and secondly by the other accidents.There were high incidences of neurological diseases in February and June respectively,high incidence of gastroenterological diseases in July,high incidences of respiratory diseases in July and December respectively,and high incidences of cardiovascular diseases in August and November respectively.Thirdly,The time spent on the way to reach the patient by the emergency staff was(6.01 ± 1.26)min.Fourthly,there were 12 cases of death which included 2 cases with terminal cancer,6 cases with sudden cardiac death and 4 cases with cerebrovascular accidents. Conclusion Trauma is the major first-aid cause in the airport with the characteristics of seasonal and regional changes.The security work should be strengthened to provide the prompt emergency services based on different seasons and flights,better management of preventing the accidental injuries and more propaganda of the travel-related diseases.The summer time and the peak travel season of Tibet are the periods of high incidences of diseases. The accidental injury is the disease of high incidence in such public places as airports.The investigation and analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of the patients with pre-hospital emergency in the airport are helpful in offering the targeted training for emergency staff,providing better propaganda of the travel-related diseases,and making efficient allocation of the emergency resources.