基于PIC单片机的便携式X线机主控系统设计与实现

目的：配合已有的高压系统，以PICl8F8722为主控CPU设计了一套X线机的主控系统，实现便携式X线机的摄影功能。方法：以常规摄影用X线机的功能为基础，采用kV、mAs二个参数控制曝光过程，曝光容量3．5kW；采用64K串行EEPROM存储芯片，保存胖、中、瘦3种体位，每种体位20个人体部位的曝光条件，实现体位程序摄影；系统可选用中文或英文操作界面；9种出错报警显示出错代码和具体出错信息：可配备有线或遥控双手闸曝光。结果：该系统结合高压发生系统、成像装置构成的便携式X线机，能够实现曝光条件选择、曝光控制、曝光过程检测、出错报警等功能，具有体积小、自动化程度高、控制方便等优点；同时系统具备冷高压测试的软件功能，方便系统调试和维修；系统设计充分考虑主控系统的硬件应用环境，预留充分的功能通道，以满足系统升级或不同的高压系统对主控板的改进要求。结论：该系统为便携式X线机、移动式床旁X线机系统的实现提供一个有效的解决方案，也可成为现有X线机技术更新的可行方案。

The Development and Realization of Master Control System for the Portable X-ray Machine Based on PIC Microcontroller

Objective： With the high voltage system, a main control system for the X-ray machine is designed based on PICI8F8722 microcontroller. So the portable x-ray machine is realized and used in clinical diagnosis. Methods： With the func- tions of the traditional X-ray radiography, the exposing is controlled by the tube voltage and the current time amass. The expo- sure capacity is about to three point five kilowatt. The 64 k and 2-wire serial EEPROM is used to save the exposing data for three kinds of somatotypes, such as fat, medium and thin. For every kind of somatotype, there are twenty kinds of parts which need to be set. And then the anatomical programmed regions radiography is realized. It can choose the operation interface be- tween the Chinese and English languages. There are nine kinds of error warnings with the error codes and the concrete error in- formations. The system is equipped both of wired and remote controller. Results： With the high voltage and imaging system, the portable X-ray machine is able to choose different exposure conditions, control and detect the exposure process, report the error informations, and so on. The whole system is small in size, high automation and convenient controlling. With the cold high volt- age testing function, it is convenient for system debugging and repairing. For the convinent of upgrading or changing according to different high voltage system, the full function channels are reserved. Conclusions： The control system can be used for a portable or a mobile bedside X-ray machine, and also for the technical renewal of existing X-ray machine.