预防5-氟尿嘧啶化疗所致静脉炎综合护理措施的研究

目的评价应用综合护理措施预防5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）化疗所致静脉炎的效果。方法 594例患者分为对照组92例、治疗组502例。对照组常规输液,治疗组在5-Fu静脉输注前采用0.2%奴夫卡因10 ml静脉注射、新鲜芦荟叶外敷、静脉留置套管针、3μm精细过滤避光输液器输注、生理盐水100 ml化疗后快速静脉输注、健康教育等措施。结果对照组发生静脉炎39例（42.39%）,治疗组发生静脉炎79例（14.94%）,治疗组静脉炎发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）;治疗组静脉炎严重程度较对照组明显减轻（P〈0.05）。结论采用化疗前静脉注射0.2%奴夫卡因联合芦荟局部外敷、静脉留置套管针等综合护理措施对5-Fu化疗所致静脉炎有明显的预防作用。

Nursing measures of the prevention of phlebitis due to chemotherapy with infusion 5-fluorouracil

Objective To explore the effect of systemic nursing measures on the prevention of phlebitis due to chemotherapy with infusion 5-fluorouracil.Methods 594 patients were divided into experiment group（502 cases） and control group（92 cases）.The patients in the control group underwent routine treatment,and the patients in the experiment group were treated with intravenous injection of 0.2% novocain 10 ml before chemotherapy,wet dressing with fresh leaf of aloe,intravenous catheterization and photophobic infusion set with 3.0 μm precision filter and rapid intravenous dripping with normal saline 100 ml following chemotherapy as well as health instructions.Results There were 39 cases（42.39%） of phlebitis in the control group and 79 cases（14.94%） in the experiment group.The incidence of phlebitis in the experiment group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P0.05）.The severity of phlebitis in the experiment group significantly reduced compared with the control group（P0.05）.Conclusion Systemic nursing measures such as intravenous injection of 0.2% novocain prior to chemotherapy have significant effect on the prevention of phlebitis due to chemotherapy with infusion 5-fluorouracil.