贵州省艾滋病高流行区汉族与少数民族女性性服务者艾滋病流行病学研究

目的了解贵州省铜仁市汉族与少数民族商业女性性服务者（FSW）艾滋病相关知信行及艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染率。方法对246名汉族和173名少数民族FSW开展横断面匿名问卷调查及HIV抗体检测。结果汉族与少数民族FSW在年龄、工作场所、婚姻状况、月收入等方面差异无统计学意义,但汉族FSW中外县市户籍者比例较少数民族者高,而少数民族FSW的文化程度较汉族者低。FSW均具备一定的艾滋病知识,但少数民族FSW的艾滋病知晓率较汉族者低。研究对象最近一次及最近一个月商业性行为时安全套使用率分别为95%和87.5%,而最近一次及最近一个月与固定性伴性行为时安全套使用率分别为70.3%及56.7%,少数民族FSW与汉族FSW安全套使用率差异均无统计学意义。少数民族FSW接受艾滋病咨询及性病诊疗服务方面的比例低于汉族FSW。未发现HIV感染者。结论贵州省铜仁市各民族FSW中商业性行为中安全套使用率高,HIV流行率低,但仍需加强针对该人群的艾滋病宣传教育和行为干预,尤其要重点关注少数民族FSW。

Epidemiological study of HIV/AIDS among Han and ethnic minority female sex workers in an HIV highly epidemic area in Guizhou province

Objective To document HIV/AIDS-related knowledge,attitudes and behaviors（KAB） and HIV prevalence among Han and ethnic minority female sex worker（FSW） in Tongren city of Guizhou province.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 246 Han and 173 ethnic minority FSW,including a face-to-face anonymous questionnaire interview and HIV testing.Results No differences existed between the Han and ethnic minority FSW in terms of age,working venue,marital status and monthly income.The Han FSW had a higher proportion of migrants and a higher education than ethnic minority FSW.Study participants especially the Han FSW had relatively good HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes.95% of study participants used condoms for last commercial sex,and 87.5% consistently used condoms for commercial sex during the past month.70.3% of study participants used condoms for last sex with long term sexual partners,and 56.7% used condoms for sex with long term sex partners during the past month.The Han and ethnic minority FSW had no differences in condom use.However,the ethnic minority FSW had lower proportions of receiving HIV counseling and diagnostic and treatment services for sexually transmitted diseases（STD） than the Han FSW.No one was tested positive for HIV.Conclusion All ethnic FSW in Tongren city of Guizhou province had a high rate of condom use for commercial sex and a low rate of HIV infection.Efforts for HIV/AIDS prevention and intervention among FSW are still merited,with special emphases on ethnic minority FSW.