建立雄性SD大鼠高脂血症模型研究

目的比较两种不同高脂饲喂法致高脂血症大鼠模型的异同点,并对其使用特点进行初步评价。方法按体重、血清胆固醇水平将24只4周龄健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（A组）、普通高脂模型组（B组）和丙硫氧嘧啶模型组（C组）,分别饲以基础饲料、未添加丙硫氧嘧啶的高脂饲料和添加0.2%丙硫氧嘧啶的高脂饲料。6周后处死大鼠,测定血脂指标、计算肝指数,并对肝脏进行组织病理学检查,采用单因素方差分析和LSD法对各指标进行分析比较。结果与A组相比,两模型组大鼠体重增加缓慢（P〈0.05）,C组较B组增重更加缓慢（P〈0.01）。两模型组大鼠在实验期间表征有较大差异;两模型组TC、LDL-C水平均显著升高（P〈0.05）,C组升高更为显著（P〈0.01）。两模型组TG、HDL-C水平变化差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;病理组织学检查表明,两种高脂模型组大鼠肝脏均出现脂肪样变,肝细胞体积增大,细胞核被细胞内大脂滴挤向一侧。结论两种方法均能成功建立SD大鼠高脂血症模型,但普通高脂模型可用于食品、保健品等以预防为目的的降脂功效评估,而添加了丙硫氧嘧啶的高脂模型更适用于降脂药的临床前评价。

Establishment of hyperlipidemic animal model in SD rats

Objective To establish hyperlipidemic animal model in SD rats with different ways of treatment.Methods 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups and fed with a normal diet（group A）,a high-fat diet（group B） and propylthiouracil in addition to a high-fat diet（group C）,respectively.All rats were sacrificed and tested for serum TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C after six weeks of treatment.The hepatic tissue of rats was analyzed histomorphologically.Results Rats in the groups of high-fat diet（group B and C） gained weight slower than those in the group of normal diet（group A）（P〈0.05）.Weight gain was also significantly slower in the rats of group C than in those of group B（P〈0.01）.The concentration levels of TC and LDL-C were significantly higher in rats of high-fat diet model groups than that in the rats of control group（P〈0.05）.There were no significant differences in serum TG and HDL-C levels among the experiment groups.The hepatic histomorphological changes included swelled hepatocytes and squeezed nucleus due to the increased cellular droplets in the rats of group B and C.Conclusion The male SD rats could be used for hyperlipidemic animal model by feeding high-fat diet with or without propylthiouracil.The hyperlipidemic animal model with the high-fat diet only could be used for the evaluation of food effect on lowing lipid,while the model with the high-fat diet and propylthiouracil could be used for the evaluation of clinical lipid-lowering medication.