HIV感染的吸毒人群的艾滋病知识和行为调查

目的了解有吸毒史的艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者的艾滋病知晓情况、吸毒行为、性行为特征,为HIV/AIDS干预提供合理依据。方法采用横断面调查,于2009年4～8月,对澜沧县109名有吸毒史的HIV感染者进行面对面的调查,用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果 109名吸毒者中,20～40岁年龄组占74.31%,小学和初中分别占38.53%和33.03%,农民67.89%,少数民族66.06%。艾滋病知识总体知晓率为84.40%,不同文化程度、婚姻状况的人艾滋病知识知晓率差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为8.49,9.18;P值分别为0.037,0.027）;2009年4～8月期间,有7人曾共用注射器吸毒;46人与固定性伴有性行为,其中32.61%的人坚持使用安全套;4人与非商业非固定性伴有不安全性行为;8人与异性商业性伴有过性行为,5人未坚持使用安全套。结论有吸毒史的HIV感染者共用针具行为、多性伴和不安全性行为仍然存在,提示应采取宣传教育和行为干预并重的预防措施。

Characteristics of drug use and sexual behaviors among HIV positive drug users

Objective To understand awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge and characteristics of drug use and sexual behaviors among HIV positive drug users and to provide evidence for HIV/AIDS prevention interventions.Methods A cross-sectional survey was used to investigate 109 HIV positive drug users in Lancang County from April to August,2009.The data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software.Results The majority of participants were between 20 and 40 years old（74.31%）and worked as farmers（67.89%）.38.53% and 33.03% of participants received primary and junior middle school education,respectively.66.06% of participants were minorities.The awareness rate of HIV knowledge was 84.40%.There was significant difference among the rates of HIV knowledge in patients with different education level and marital status（P〈0.05）.In the last 6 months,7 people have shared drug syringes with others;and only 32.61%（15/46）of participants who had regular sex partners insisted on using condoms;4 persons had unsafe sexual behaviors with non-commercial and non-regular partners;5 out of 8 persons who had sexual behaviors with commercial partners did not insist on condom use.Conclusion Drug users had high risk of HIV transmission behaviors,including syringe sharing,unprotected sex and multiple sex partners.Public education and interventions should be taken to minimize the AIDS transmission in the population.