Effectiveness of tissue engineered based platelet gel embedded chitosan scaffold on experimentally induced critical sized segmental bone defect model in rat |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran;3. Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;1. Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, United States;2. National Farm Medicine Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, United States;3. Division of Research, Essentia Institute of Rural Health, United States;4. Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Washington and Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, United States;1. Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery Department, Hospital Consorci Sanitari Integral, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain;2. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;1. UNC –Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi;2. University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States;3. Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States;4. Department of Surgery, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi;5. Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States;1. Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Mechatronic Systems, 30167 Hannover, Germany;2. Trauma Department, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundHealing and regeneration of large bone defects are a challenging problem for reconstructive orthopedic surgeons.PurposeThis study investigated the effectiveness of chitosan scaffold (CS), platelet gel (PG) and their combination (CS-PG) on healing process of an experimentally induced critical sized segmental bone defect model in rat.MethodsFifty bilateral defects were created in the mid diaphysis of the radial bones of 25 Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were randomly divided into five equal groups. The bone defects were either left untreated or treated with corticomedullary autograft, CS, PG or CS-PG. Plain radiographs were provided from the radial bones on weeks 2, 5, and 8 after injury. In addition, clinical examinations were done for the healing radial bones. The animals were euthanized after 8 weeks of injury, and their harvested samples were evaluated by gross morphology, histopathology, scanning electron microscopy, CT-scan, and biomechanical testing.ResultsCompared with the defect group, the PG and autograft treated bone defects had significantly superior radiological scored values, bone volume and biomechanical performance which had positive correlation with their superior gross pathological, histopathological and ultra-structural features. Compared with the untreated defects, the PG and CS-PG treated defects showed significantly superior structural and functional properties so that PG had the highest value. In addition, CS had low value in bone regeneration. Although combination of CS and PG improved the healing efficacy of the CS, this strategy reduced the ability of PG to increase osteoconduction and osteoinduction during bone regeneration.ConclusionApplication of PG alone enhanced bone healing and can be regarded as a promising option for bone tissue engineering in clinical settings. Chitosan was not effective in bone reconstruction surgery and further investigations should be conducted to find a suitable carrier for PG. |
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| Keywords: | Chitosan Platelet gel Tissue engineering Bone regeneration Radius Rat |
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