Text messages for influenza vaccination among pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael''s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto M5B 1G3, Canada;2. Departments of Pediatrics, St. Michael''s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto M5B 1G3, Canada;3. Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael''s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto M5B 1G3, Canada;4. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Health System, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, USA;1. Leidos, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. Berry Technology Solutions, Inc., Peachtree City, GA, USA;1. School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong;2. Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kwong Wah Hospital, 25 Waterloo Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong;3. Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong;4. School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada;1. Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Decatur, GA, United States;2. Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Atlanta, GA, United States;3. Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Atlanta, GA, United States;4. Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA, United States;1. Emory University, Department of Epidemiology and Laney Graduate School, Atlanta, GA, United States;2. Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States;3. Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Hubert Department of Global Health, Atlanta, GA, United States;4. Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Atlanta, GA, United States;5. Emory University, School of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Atlanta, GA, United States;6. University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansas City, KS, United States;7. Emory University, Emory Vaccine Center and School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States;8. Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA, United States;1. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, 434 West 33rd Street, New York, NY 10001, United States;2. Division of Family Planning, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, 1900 West Polk Street, 5th Floor, Chicago, IL 60612, United States;3. Westport Compass, 3011 S. Plateau, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, United States |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
ObjectiveTo evaluate if text message reminders increase the likelihood of receiving the influenza vaccine among pregnant women.MethodsPregnant women were randomized to either receive or not receive weekly text messages. Women were told the messages would be about health-related behavior in pregnancy. Those randomized to the intervention group received two messages weekly for four consecutive weeks reinforcing that the influenza vaccine is recommended for all pregnant women and safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Women were contacted six weeks postpartum to determine if they had received the vaccine. Sample size calculation determined that 108 women were required in both groups to see a 75% increase in vaccination rates over baseline in the text message group compared to the control group.ResultsRecruitment began November 4, 2013, and 317 women were randomized. The mean gestational age at recruitment was 22 weeks. There were 40/129 (31%) women in the text message group and 41/152 (27%) women in the control group who received the vaccine (p = 0.51). Significant predictors of vaccine acceptance were being married compared to single (95% vs. 67%, p < 0.001), having higher household income (55% vs. 39%, p = 0.03) and having received the vaccine before (77% vs. 36%, p < 0.001). Among women receiving text messages, the majority were satisfied, with only 15/129 (12%) reporting that they did not like receiving the messages, and 24/129 (19%) stating that the information in the messages was not helpful.ConclusionWeekly text messages reinforcing the recommendation for and safety of the influenza vaccine in pregnancy did not increase the likelihood of actually receiving the vaccine among pregnant women. Overall vaccination rates were low, highlighting the need for patient education and innovative techniques to improve vaccine acceptance.Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, registration number NCT 02428738. |
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| Keywords: | Influenza Pregnancy Vaccination Text messages |
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