Vaccine hesitancy among parents in a multi-ethnic country,Malaysia |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Jalan Bangsar, 50590, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Blok E10, 62590, Putrajaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children''s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States;3. Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle, WA, United States;1. Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30022, USA;2. Emory University, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA;3. Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA;1. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy;2. Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy;3. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, UK;1. Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;2. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States;3. Ghana Health Services, Accra, Ghana;4. Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany 12222, United States;6. Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States;1. Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia;2. School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia;3. College of Pharmacy, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates;4. Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh;5. Vector-borne Diseases Research Group (VERDI), Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences CoRe, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia;6. School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundVaccine hesitancy is a threat in combating vaccine-preventable diseases. It has been studied extensively in the Western countries but not so among Asian countries.ObjectivesTo assess the test-retest reliability of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) questionnaire in Malay language; to determine the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among parents and its associations with parents' socio-demographic characteristics.MethodsForward and backward translation of PACV in Malay language was carried out. The reliability of the Malay-PACV questionnaire was tested among parents with children. The same questionnaire was used to study vaccine hesitancy among parents in a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Information pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics, sources of information regarding vaccination and vaccine hesitancy were collected. Associations between vaccine hesitancy with socio-demographic factors were tested using Multivariable Logistic Regression.ResultsThe Spearman correlation coefficient and Cronbach alpha for total PACV was 0.79 (p < 0.001) and 0.79 respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficients of the subscales ranged from 0.54 to 0.90 demonstrating fair to excellent reliability. A total of 63 (11.6%) parents were noted to be vaccine hesitant. In the univariate analyses, vaccine hesitancy was associated with unemployed parents, parents who were younger, had fewer children and non-Muslim. In the multivariate model, pregnant mothers expecting their first child were four times more likely to be vaccine hesitant compared to those who already had one or more children (aOR: 3.91, 95% CI: 1.74–8.79) and unemployed parents were also more likely to be vaccine hesitant (aOR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.08–3.59). The internet (65.6%) was the main source of information on vaccination followed by brochures (56.9%).ConclusionThe Malay-PACV questionnaire is reliable to be used. The prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among the multi-ethnic Malaysians was comparable with other populations. Pregnant mothers expecting their first child and unemployed parents were found to be more vaccine hesitant. |
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| Keywords: | Vaccine hesitancy PACV Parents Multi-ethnic Malaysia |
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