山东省居民对结核病防治相关知识认知现状分析

目的了解山东省居民结核病知识认知现状，为更好地开展结核病健康教育、制定更加有效的结核病健康促进策略提供依据。方法采用分层整群等比例随机抽样的方法，在全省抽取了35个调查点，采用全国统一的第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查现场知晓率调查问卷对抽样点15岁及以上人口进行调查，问卷内容为结核病5条核心信息。共调查54279名居民，收回有效问卷54273份，问卷有效率99．99％。采用EPIDATA3．1进行数据录入，数据分析采用SPSS16．0，分别统计各条结核病相关信息的知晓率、总知晓率，并分析影响因素。结果山东省居民对结核病核心知识总知晓率为53．63％，其中对肺结核诊疗费用减免政策知晓率最低，为29．84％，其次是治疗转归结果为50．55％。全部5条核心信息的知晓率为18．28％。结核病知识知晓率随调查对象年龄的增加呈下降的趋势（P〈0．01）；城镇居民结核病知识知晓率高于农村居民（P〈0．01）；男性居民结核病知识知晓率高于女性（P〈0．01）；外来人口知晓率高于户籍人口（P〈0．01）。结论山东省居民对结核病知识认知总体水平偏低，应进一步积极探索针对不同人群的更加有效的措施加强对居民的结核病健康教育，尤其应该关注对农村居民、高年龄组居民和女性居民结核病知识宣传和健康教育的效果。

Analysis on the Awareness Status of Knowledge on Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Among Residents,Shandong Province

Objective To explore the cognitive status of tuberculosis（TB） knowledge among residents of Shandong prow ince,so as to provide scientific basis for developing TB health education and formulating more effective TB health promo- tion strategies. Methods Stratified cluster proportional random sampling method was used to survey 35 survey points in Shandong province. People over 15 years old in sampled survey points were questionnaire surveyed by five key messages of TB （the Fifth National TB epidemiology sample survey）. Around 54 279 residents were interviewed with questionnaire, 54 273 valid questionnaires were received. Questionnaire effective rate was 99.99 %. EPIDATA 3.1 was used to entry data and SPSS 16.0 statistical software was used to analyze data. Finally the influencing factors were analyzed for awareness rate and general awareness rate of tuberculosis relative information. Results The general awareness rate of key knowl- edge of TB was 53.63%. The awareness rate of tuberculosis treatment fee waiver policy was the lowest,29.84%;followed by treatment outcome results, 50.55 %. The awareness rate of all five key messages of TB was 18.28 %. The awareness rate of TB knowledge was decreasing with the increasing age of survey object（ P 〈0.01） ;in addition,the awareness rate of TB knowledge was higher in urban residents than in rural residents（ P 〈0.01） ,in men than in women（ P 〈0.01） ,in transient population than in native population （ P 〈0.01）. Conclusion The general awareness level of TB knowledge is low among the residents of Shandong province. Publicity and health education of TB knowledge should be further strengthened to residents,especially to the residents of rural areas and senior age group.