从银杏叶中提取银杏黄酮甙的工艺比较及实验优化

目的　选择微波辅助提取银杏黄酮甙的最佳条件 ,并对银杏黄酮甙的微波辅助提取法与常用的热浸泡法进行对比研究。方法　采用热浸泡法及微波辅助法提取银杏黄酮甙 ,同时对微波法进行正交和均匀实验优化 ,并用分光光度法测定提取干膏中的黄酮甙含量。结果　正交和均匀实验优化获得的最佳条件下的提取率和黄酮纯度基本相当。正交实验的最佳提取率为 2 12 .4mg g ,纯度为 61.9%;均匀实验的最佳提取率为 2 16.2mg g ,纯度为 5 7.1%。而热浸泡的提取率仅为 114 .6mg g ,纯度为 40 .1%。结论　微波辅助提取法的提取率和产物纯度均有显著提高 ,结果表明它是一种合适的提取法。

Extraction of flavones from leaves of Ginkgo biloba L . by microwave technique and optimized by experimental design and optimization

Objective To select the best condition for microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of flavones from leaves of Ginkgo biloba L . and compare this method with the most conventional extraction way. Methods Both microwave assisted extraction and theat maceration were adopted for flavones from leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. , and the total content was determined by spectrophotometry. Results Under appropriate MAE conditions, both the recovery and purity of total flavones obtained from the experiments by uniform design and the orthogonal design were very similar. The optimal recovery and purity by orthogonal experimental design were 212 4 mg/g and 61 9%, respectively. The optimal results by orthogonal experimental design were 216 2 mg/g and 57 1%, respectively. However, the results by maceration were only 114 6 mg/g and 40 1%, respectively. Conclusion MAE is a more suitable method for the extraction of flavones from leaves of Ginkgo biloba L . because of its higher extraction rate and purity.