Effects of a moderately high-protein diet and interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise on markers of bone metabolism,microarchitecture and turnover in obese Zucker rats |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Spain;2. Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria;4. Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cádiz, Spain;5. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria;6. Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;1. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States;2. Beck Radiological Innovations, Inc., United States;3. Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, United States;4. Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, United States;5. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States;6. National Institute on Aging, Longitudinal Study Section, United States;7. Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, United States;8. University of Maryland, School of Medicine, United States;9. Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States;10. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States;11. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control, United States;12. Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, United States;13. Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, United States;1. Division of Human Genetics, Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA;2. Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA;3. Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, USA;4. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translation Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA;5. Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA;6. Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA;7. Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children''s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA;1. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica (IRB) de Lleida, Lleida, Spain;2. Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;3. Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular and Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain;4. Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII. IISPV. Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain;5. Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain;6. Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Santa María, Lleida, Spain;7. Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain;1. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan;2. Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan;1. Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany;2. Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany;3. Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany;4. Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel 24098, Germany;5. Program in Physiological Genomics, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614-2598, United States;6. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614-2598, United States |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundWeight loss is a public health concern in obesity-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, and the protein level of the diets seem to be crucial for the development and maintenance of bone. The nature of exercise and whether exercise in combination with moderately high-protein dietary interventions could protect against potential bone mass deficits remains unclear.ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of a moderately high-protein diet and interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise (IASE) protocol on bone status, and to assess potential interaction effects (i.e. diet*IASE).MethodsMale Zucker fatty rats were randomized distributed into 4 groups (n = 8): normoprotein + sedentary; normoprotein + exercise; moderately high-protein + sedentary, and moderately high-protein + exercise. Training groups conducted an IASE program, 5 days/week for 2 months. Markers of bone metabolism were measured in plasma. Parameters of bone mass and 3D outcomes for trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture were assessed by micro-computed tomography.ResultsFemur length, plasma osteocalcin, sclerostin, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, insulin, leptin, PTH, uric acid and urinary phosphorus levels were lower in the moderately high-protein compared to the normoprotein groups (all, p < 0.05), whereas plasma alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and urinary uric acid concentrations, and cortical total volume (TV) and bone volume (BV) were higher in the moderately high-protein (all, p < 0.01). Final body weight and alkaline phosphatase levels were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary (both, p < 0.05), whereas femur length and weight, aminoterminal propeptides of type I procollagen and C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen concentrations, and cortical TV and BV were higher in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (all, p < 0.05).ConclusionThe combination of interventions may be effective to enhance trabecular bone microarchitecture and BMD, and has a partial impact on cortical bone in obese rats. Nevertheless, they do not induce any alteration on the bone turnover markers. |
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