单孔腹腔镜下根治性膀胱切除术10例报告

目的 探讨单孔腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术的可行性及初步经验.方法 采用单孔腹腔镜技术完成根治性膀胱切除术10例.男9例,女1例.取下腹正中3～4 cm切口,置入QuadPort(2例)或自制开口器(2环1套法,8例)建立单孔腹腔镜手术通道,术中采用常规和预弯腹腔镜器械.手术步骤包括双侧标准盆腔淋巴结清扫、根治性膀胱切除及开放构建全去带乙状结肠原位新膀胱.结果 10例手术顺利.无中转开放手术或传统腹腔镜手术,未增加其他通道.单孔部分手术时间130～330 min,平均243 min.术中失血50～600 ml,平均270 ml,5例需输浓缩红细胞2～4 U.盆腔淋巴结、尿道及输尿管切缘均阴性.病理报告均为尿路上皮癌T1N0M0 2例,T2aN0M0 6例,T3aN0M0 2例.无围手术期死亡及严重并发症的发生.8例完成6个月以上的随访,白天排尿均完全可控,4例有夜间遗尿,未见肿瘤复发和远处转移.结论 单孔腹腔镜膀胱癌根治性切除术安全可行,美容效果较好,短期随访肿瘤控制效果好.自制开口器制作简单,操作方便,气密性好,成本低,能够完成单孔腹腔镜手术.

Abstract：

Objective To present our initial experience of pure laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for radical cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissections. Methods 10 patients with pathology confined bladder urothelial carcinoma underwent laparoendoscopic single-site radical cystectomy, including 9 males and 1 female. After a 3-4 cm lower median abdominal incision was made, quadport or homemade single multichannel port was inserted, and conventional and prebent laparoscopic instruments were utilized. The surgical procedure included bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomies, radical cystectomy and building with a sigmoid orthotopic neobladder by open surgery.Results No extra port needed, neither conversion to open or conventional laparoscopic surgery. The time of LESS procedure ranged from 130 to 330 min (mean 243 nin). Estimated blood loss ranged from 50 to 600 ml (mean 270 ml). 5 patients needed blood transfusion of 2 to 4 units. The pathologic evaluation revealed bladder urothelial carcinoma, negative margins and negative pelvic lymph node involvement. No mortality or severe complications were observed perioperatively. After followup of more than 6 months, all revealed controllable urination at daytime, while 4 revealed nocturnal incontinence and needed one or two pads during nighttime. No evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease was detected. Conclusions LESS radical cystectomy and bilateral lymphadenectomies was safe and feasible, and short-term follow-up showed good tumor control outcomes. Homemade single multichannel port made of two elastic ring and glove was simple and effective.

Pure laparoendoscopic single-site radical cystectomy: Initial experience with 10 cases report

Objective To present our initial experience of pure laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for radical cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissections. Methods 10 patients with pathology confined bladder urothelial carcinoma underwent laparoendoscopic single-site radical cystectomy, including 9 males and 1 female. After a 3-4 cm lower median abdominal incision was made, quadport or homemade single multichannel port was inserted, and conventional and prebent laparoscopic instruments were utilized. The surgical procedure included bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomies, radical cystectomy and building with a sigmoid orthotopic neobladder by open surgery.Results No extra port needed, neither conversion to open or conventional laparoscopic surgery. The time of LESS procedure ranged from 130 to 330 min (mean 243 nin). Estimated blood loss ranged from 50 to 600 ml (mean 270 ml). 5 patients needed blood transfusion of 2 to 4 units. The pathologic evaluation revealed bladder urothelial carcinoma, negative margins and negative pelvic lymph node involvement. No mortality or severe complications were observed perioperatively. After followup of more than 6 months, all revealed controllable urination at daytime, while 4 revealed nocturnal incontinence and needed one or two pads during nighttime. No evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease was detected. Conclusions LESS radical cystectomy and bilateral lymphadenectomies was safe and feasible, and short-term follow-up showed good tumor control outcomes. Homemade single multichannel port made of two elastic ring and glove was simple and effective.