云南省边境疟疾流行区农村居民疟疾健康教育干预效果评价

目的了解云南省边境疟区项目干预地区农村居民掌握疟疾相关知识、态度和行为情况,为后续项目的疟疾健康教育干预的实施提供依据。方法在云南省疟区32个县,采用多阶段抽样方法进行横断面调查。自制调查问卷,比较项目干预区目标人群和对照区人群中疟疾相关知识、态度和行为的情况。结果项目干预组受访者中知道疟疾症状、传播途径和预防知识的比例为72.58%、30.45%和24.00%,均大于对照组的54.02%、13.30%和10.17%（P均〈0.01）。项目干预组受访者知道杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐、知道使用杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐目的、知道两次浸泡蚊帐间隔时间和知道杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐不会影响健康的知识均明显好于对照组（P均〈0.01）。项目干预组受访者愿意使用杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐、拥有杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐和调查前夜使用蚊帐的比例为60.48%、15.66%和43.38%,均大于对照组的55.76%、0.45%、39.60%（P均〈0.01）,项目干预组受访者家庭调查前两周内的发热病人及时就诊的比例（38.87%）小于对照组（55.06%,P〈0.01）。结论开展项目干预措施后，项目地区目标人群的疟疾相关知识、态度和行为有明显的改善，但是知识、态度和行为的改善程度并不一致，对重点干预措施如杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐和发热病人及时就诊的知识、态度和行为的改变还有不足。

Effectiveness evaluation of malaria health education in Yunnan provincial malaria endemic areas

Objective To assess the status of knowledge, attitude and behavior related to malaria among rural residents in Yurman malaria endemic areas for providing evidences of malaria health education intervention. Methods An cross-sectional survey was conducted among 32 counties of Yunnan malaria endemic areas by multi-stages sampling. Results In the intervention group, the cognition rates about malaria symptoms and signs, transmission mode and the preventive measures were 72. 58% , 30. 45% , 24. 00% respectively. Those were 54.02% , 13. 30% and 10. 17% respectively in the control group, lower than those of the intervention group （P 〈0. 01 ）. There were more people in the intervention group knowing insecticide treatment bed net （ ITNs）, purpose of using ITNs, interval for dunking mosquito net and safety of ITNs than the control group （P 〈0.01）. 60. 48%, 15.66% and 43.38% of the interviewed from the intervention group were more willing to use ITNs, owned ITNs and used ITNs in the night before interviewing, compared to 55.76%, 0. 45% and 39. 60% of the interviewed from the control group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. 38. 87% of the interviewed from the intervention group were timely seeking prompt treatment while 55.06% of that from the control group （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Knowledge, attitude and behavior related to malaria among targeting population were improved, but the attitude and behavior related to the key intervention measures is weakness, for example in the terms of insecticide treatment bed nets （ITNs） and timely treatment seeking during fever period.