家庭跟进式护理提高家庭陪护预防卧床患者压疮依从性的效果

目的探讨以家庭跟进式护理模式为指导的居家护理对提高长期卧床患者家庭陪护预防压疮依从性的影响。方法 2008年2月至2009年5月,将即将出院的长期卧床患者的陪护120人按随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各60人。对照组陪护施以常规的出院指导,干预组在此基础上施以家庭跟进式的居家护理。按照美国压疮顾问小组（National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel,NPUAP）推荐的4级分期标准以及自制家庭陪护依从性量表,评估两组患者的压疮发生率、分期及陪护的依从性。结果干预组家庭陪护对压疮防范措施的依从性显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,患者压疮的发生率及严重程度显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论以家庭跟进式护理模式指导长期卧床患者家庭陪护的居家护理行为,可以有效地提高陪护预防压疮的依从性,降低卧床患者压疮的发生率,提高患者的生活质量。

Effects of Home Follow-up Service in Improving Preventive Compliance of Pressure Sore for Family Caregivers of Bedridden Patients

Objective To explore the effects of home nursing mode under the guidance of home follow-up service in improving the preventive compliance of pressure sore of family caregivers with long-term bedridden patients.Methods A total of 120 family caregivers with long-term bedridden patients who were to be discharged from the hospital were equally divided into intervention group and control group at random.The patients in the control group received routine health education before discharge.While the patients in the intervention group received nursing guidance based on home follow-up service besides routine health education.According to the four staging criteria recommended by National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel（NPUAP） and the self-developed compliance assessment scale for family caregivers,the incidence,phrase and compliance of pressure sore were also evaluated.Results The preventive compliance of pressure sore in the intervention group was superior to that in the control group（P〈0.05）and the incidence and phrase of pressure sore were also significantly superior to those in the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The home nursing method under the guidance of home follow-up service mode can effectively improve the family caregivers’ compliance,decrease the prevalence of bedsore and enhance the quality of life for long-term bedridden patients.