Focal Therapy in Prostate Cancer: International Multidisciplinary Consensus on Trial Design |
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| Authors: | Willemien van den Bos,Berrend G. Muller,Hashim Ahmed,Chris H. Bangma,Eric Barret,Sebastien Crouzet,Scott E. Eggener,Inderbir S. Gill,Steven Joniau,Gyoergy Kovacs,Sascha Pahernik,Jean J. de la Rosette,Olivier Rouviè re,Georg Salomon,John F. Ward,Peter T. Scardino |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Urology, AMC University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, London, UK;3. Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, The Netherlands;4. Department of Urology, Institut Montsouris, Paris, France;5. Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Urology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France;6. Department of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;g Institute of Urology, Hillard and Roclyn Herzog Center for Prostate Cancer Focal Therapy, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA;h Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium;i Interdisciplinary Brachytherapy Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;j Department of Urology, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;k Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Radiology, Hôpital E. Herriot, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France;l Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;m Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA;n Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
BackgroundFocal therapy has been introduced for the treatment of localised prostate cancer (PCa). To provide the necessary data for consistent assessment, all focal therapy trials should be performed according to uniform, systematic pre- and post-treatment evaluation with well-defined end points and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.ObjectiveTo obtain consensus on trial design for focal therapy in PCa.Design, setting, and participantsA four-staged consensus project based on a modified Delphi process was conducted in which 48 experts in focal therapy of PCa participated. According to this formal consensus-building method, participants were asked to fill out an iterative sequence of questionnaires to collect data on trial design. Subsequently, a consensus meeting was held in which 13 panellists discussed acquired data, clarified the results, and defined the conclusions.Outcome measurements and statistical analysisA multidisciplinary board from oncologic centres worldwide reached consensus on patient selection, pretreatment assessment, evaluation of outcome, and follow-up.Results and limitationsInclusion criteria for candidates in focal therapy trials are patients with prostate-specific antigen <15 ng/ml, clinical stage T1c–T2a, Gleason score 3 + 3 or 3 + 4, life expectancy of >10 yr, and any prostate volume. The optimal biopsy strategy includes transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies to be taken between 6 mo and 12 mo after treatment. The primary objective should be focal ablation of clinically significant disease with negative biopsies at 12 mo after treatment as the primary end point.ConclusionsThis consensus report provides a standard for designing a feasible focal therapy trial.Patient summaryA variety of ablative technologies have been introduced and applied in a focal manner for the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa). In this consensus report, an international panel of experts in the field of PCa determined pre- and post-treatment work-up for focal therapy research. |
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| Keywords: | Focal therapy Prostate cancer Trial design |
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