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Epigenetic biomarkers in prostate cancer: Current and future uses |
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| Authors: | Karen Chiam Carmela Ricciardelli Tina Bianco-Miotto |
| Affiliation: | 1. Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia;2. Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, The Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia;3. The Robinson Institute, Research Centre for Reproductive Health & Early Origins of Health and Disease, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia |
| Abstract: | Epigenome alterations are characteristic of nearly all human malignancies and include changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs (miRNAs). However, what induces these epigenetic alterations in cancer is largely unknown and their mechanistic role in prostate tumorigenesis is just beginning to be evaluated. Identification of the epigenetic modifications involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer will not only identify novel therapeutic targets but also prognostic and diagnostic markers. This review will focus on the use of epigenetic modifications as biomarkers for prostate cancer. |
| Keywords: | Prostate cancer Epigenetics Biomarkers DNA methylation Histone modifications MicroRNAs |
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