盐酸戊乙奎醚对抗敌敌畏的毒性作用

 目的：研究盐酸戊乙奎醚（penequinine hydrochloride，PCHE）对敌敌畏（DDVP）诱发的呼吸循环抑制和脑电图（EEG）变化的影响。方法：同时测定麻醉大鼠的血压、心率、呼吸频率和呼吸通气量；记录清醒大鼠的EEG。结果：给麻醉大鼠iv DDVP 5mg·kg^－1，可使呼吸频率，呼吸通气量，血压及心率很快抑制。当iv不能通过血脑屏障的胆碱受体阻断剂甲基阿托品后，DDVP的呼吸循环抑制作用改善不明显；而应用PCHE1，2mg·kg^－1及阿托品2，4mg·kg^－1时能明显对抗DDVP引起的呼吸循环抑制。清醒大鼠DDVP中毒后EEG出现去同步化改变，少数出现癫痫波，PCHE可完全对抗DDVP诱发的EEG改变，阿托品仅部分对抗。结论：PCHE具有较强的中枢及外周抗DDVP中毒作用。

Antagonism of penequinine hydrochloride (PCHE) on DDVP (dichlorvos) poisoning

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of PCHE on the changes of respiration, circulation and EEG induced by DDVP. METHODS: Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and ventilation volume of anaesthetized rats were measured simultaneously. EEG was recorded in awake rats. RESULTS: After the injection of DDVP (5 mg·kg^-1, iv), respiratory rate, ventilatory volume and heart rate were reduced blood pressure elevated first and then lowered. The depression of respiration and circulation induced by DDVP was antagonized by PCHE and atropine (Atr), but could not be reversed by methylatropine which cannot penetrate blood brain barrier. It suggests that the central component is dominant in DDVP induced inhibition of respiration and circulation. DDVP (15 mg·kg^-1, ip), also induced desynchronization activity in EEG in all rats and epileptiform activity only in a few rats. Pretreated with PCHE 2 mg·kg^-1, ip, the above changes of EEG could be fully antagonized. Atr only antagnized EEG alteration in a small section of animals. CONCLUSION: PCHE has a significant antagonism on DDVP poisoning in central region as well as peripheral region.