高危非致残性缺血性脑血管事件与认知障碍

缺血性脑血管病是一种病死率及致残率相当高的脑血管疾患，分为致残性缺血性脑血管事件（disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events，DICE）和非致残性缺血性脑血管事件（non-disablingischemic cerebrovascular events，NICE）。NICE通常不被重视，但很大比例的NICE人群处于不稳定状态，在一段时间内复发成严重的卒中，称为高危非致残性缺血性脑血管事件（high risk non-disablingischemic cerebrovascular events，HR-NI CE），而且HR-NICE后认知功能障碍是常见的并发症，严重影响患者生活质量及生存时间，因此尽早识别HR-NICE患者，积极进行综合干预具有十分重要的临床意义。本文对HR-NICE及HR-NICE所致认知障碍的定义、流行病学、临床特点、评估方法及综合干预手段进行综述，以期提高其诊断治疗水平，改善患者生存质量。

High Risk Non-disabling Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events and Cognitive Impairment

Ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICD) is a kind of cerebral vascular diseases which
has high fatality rate and disability rate. ICD is divided into disabling ischemic cerebrovascular
event (DICE) and non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events (NICE). NICE people are usually
not taken seriously, however a large proportion of them are in an unstable state and relapse into
severe stroke over a period of time, which is known as high risk non-disabling cerebrovascular
events (HR-NICE). Cognitive impairment caused by HR-NICE is a common complication
and affects the quality of life and survival time seriously. Therefore, it is of important clinical
significance to identify of HR-NICE people and intervene at early stage. This paper is to review
the definition, epidemiology, clinical features, evaluation methods and comprehensive intervention
methods of HR-NICE, so as to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level as well as the survival
quality of patient.