丙泊酚-瑞芬太尼联合靶控输注喉罩麻醉在小儿短小手术中的应用

目的 探讨不同浓度丙泊酚联合瑞芬太尼靶控输注喉罩麻醉应用于小儿短小手术的临床效果.方法 2009年6月至2010年2月在温州医学院附属第二医院择期行小儿短小手术患儿120例,年龄3～9岁,体重13～26 kg,美国麻醉医师协会体格情况分级Ⅰ级,经医院伦理委员会通过,数字随机法分为3组,每组40例,应用专利小儿丙泊酚系统(连氏系统)效应室靶控输注,目标浓度分别为A组:2 μg/ml;B组:3 μg/ml;C组:4 μg/ml,复合瑞芬太尼血浆靶控输注,起始浓度均为2 ng/ml,行喉罩置入,若置入失败,以每次0.5 ng/ml上调瑞芬太尼浓度至喉罩置人成功,记录不同瑞芬太尼浓度下各组喉罩置入成功的例数,将各组成功例数最多者分别设定为3个亚组(AR组、BR组、CR组),记录各亚组喉罩置入效果的满意率及相应瑞芬太尼浓度,开始手术.记录并观察相应瑞芬太尼浓度下患儿安静平卧时(T0)、瑞芬太尼给药后2 min(T1)、喉罩置入即刻(T2)、切皮时(T3)、切皮后5 min(T4)、切皮后10 min(T5)和术毕时(T6)的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)脑电双频指数(BIS)值和术中、术后不良反应.结果 A、B、C 3组分别复合瑞芬太尼3.0、2.5、2.0 ng/ml时喉罩置入成功例数最多(31例、AR组;31例、BR组;33例、CR组).BR组喉罩置入效果的满意率最高(P＜0.05);T1～T5时点HR、MAP、BIS值组内比较,BR组差异无统计学意义,AR组和CR组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);AR组T2时点、CR组T3时点上述指标均大于BR组(P＜0.05或0.01).BR组不良反应少于AR组和CR组(P＜0.05).结论 小儿短小手术应用连氏系统丙泊酚效应室3μg/ml联合瑞芬太尼血浆2.5 ng/ml靶控输注,喉罩置入效果较好,术中血流动力学平稳,应激反应较小,并发症较少,临床效果较好.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effect of a pediatric TGI patent system for propofol plusc remifentanil in pediatric short-duration surgery with laryngeal mask airway (IMA) anesthesia. Methods A total of 120 pediatric patients underwent short-duration elective surgery, aged 3 -9 years old, weighted 13 -26 kg, ASA Ⅰ grade, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 40 each). The propofol concentrations of effect compartment were set at 2 μg/ml in Group A, 3 μg/ml in Group B and 4 μg/ml in Group C. The remifentanil initial concentration of plasma compartment was 2 ng/ml and increased stepwise by 0.5 ng/ml until a successful insertion of LMA. The remifentanil concentration was recorded when LMA was successfully inserted and the cases were numerated at the each remifentanil concentration. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure ( MAP), BIS ( bispectral index) values and poostoperative adverse events were also recorded at the time points of pre-induction ( T0), 2 min post-remifentanil TCI ( T1 ), LMA insertion ( T2 ), skin incision (T3), 5 min post-skin incision (T4), 10 min post-skin incision, (TS) and beginning surgery (T6). Results The satisfactory ratios of a successful insertion of LMA were highest in remifentanil3.0 ng/ml (AR subgroup), 2.5 ng/ml (BR subgroup) and 2.0 ng/ml (CR subgroup) respectively. The laryngeal mask satisfactory ratio was high in BR subgroup (P＜0.05). There were significantly differences of T1 - T5 values of HR, MAP and BIS in AR and CR subgroups (P＜0.05), but not in BR subgroup. The above-mentioned monitoring indices at T2 in AR subgroup and T3 in CR subgroup were significantly higher than those in BR subgroup. There were more adverse reactions in CR and AR subgroups versus BR subgroup ( P＜0.05). Conclusion The patented system for propofol 3μg/ml effect compartment concentration plus remifentanil 2.5 ng/ml plasma concentration TCI displays stable hemodynamics, less stress, fewer complications and better clinical outcomes in pediatric short-duration surgery with LMA anesthesia.

Effect of pediatric TCI system for propofol plus remifentanil in pediatric short-duration surgery with laryngeal mask airway anesthesia

Objective To study the effect of a pediatric TGI patent system for propofol plusc remifentanil in pediatric short-duration surgery with laryngeal mask airway (IMA) anesthesia. Methods A total of 120 pediatric patients underwent short-duration elective surgery, aged 3 -9 years old, weighted 13 -26 kg, ASA Ⅰ grade, were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 40 each). The propofol concentrations of effect compartment were set at 2 μg/ml in Group A, 3 μg/ml in Group B and 4 μg/ml in Group C. The remifentanil initial concentration of plasma compartment was 2 ng/ml and increased stepwise by 0.5 ng/ml until a successful insertion of LMA. The remifentanil concentration was recorded when LMA was successfully inserted and the cases were numerated at the each remifentanil concentration. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure ( MAP), BIS ( bispectral index) values and poostoperative adverse events were also recorded at the time points of pre-induction ( T0), 2 min post-remifentanil TCI ( T1 ), LMA insertion ( T2 ), skin incision (T3), 5 min post-skin incision (T4), 10 min post-skin incision, (TS) and beginning surgery (T6). Results The satisfactory ratios of a successful insertion of LMA were highest in remifentanil3.0 ng/ml (AR subgroup), 2.5 ng/ml (BR subgroup) and 2.0 ng/ml (CR subgroup) respectively. The laryngeal mask satisfactory ratio was high in BR subgroup (P＜0.05). There were significantly differences of T1 - T5 values of HR, MAP and BIS in AR and CR subgroups (P＜0.05), but not in BR subgroup. The above-mentioned monitoring indices at T2 in AR subgroup and T3 in CR subgroup were significantly higher than those in BR subgroup. There were more adverse reactions in CR and AR subgroups versus BR subgroup ( P＜0.05). Conclusion The patented system for propofol 3μg/ml effect compartment concentration plus remifentanil 2.5 ng/ml plasma concentration TCI displays stable hemodynamics, less stress, fewer complications and better clinical outcomes in pediatric short-duration surgery with LMA anesthesia.