准分子激光角膜屈光手术后角膜后表面非球面性变化的研究

目的 探讨准分子激光角膜屈光手术对角膜后表面不同范围非球面性(Q值)的影响.方法 前瞻性研究.对115例(115只眼)近视及近视散光患者行常规角膜屈光手术(其中包括LASIK手术59只眼,EPI-LASIK手术56只眼),术前近视球镜度-2.25～-7.75 D,柱镜度-0.50～-2.00 D.手术前及手术后1个月、6个月应用Pentacam眼前节分析系统对患者角膜后表面6、7、8、9 mm等直径下的Q值进行测量,研究手术前及手术后Q值的变化规律并分析其与其他变量之间的相关性.结果 手术前115只眼角膜后表面4个直径下的Q值分别为0.08±0.16,-0.05±0.13,-0.15±0.12以及-0.26±0.11.手术后1个月.LASIK与EPI-LASIK均引起角膜后表面的Q值往正向变化,其中6、7、8 mm范围内Q值的变化较手术前差异均有统计学意义(LASIK:t6mm=-2.076,P=0.042;t7mm=-2.873,P=0.006;t8mm=-2.180,P=0.033;EPI-LASIK:t6mm=-2.859,P=0.006;t7mm=-3.901,P=0,000;t8mm=-3.510,P=0.001).手术后6个月,除LASIK组9 mm直径区域Q值变化与手术前比较差异有统计学意义外(t=2.649,P=0.011),其余后表面Q值与手术前差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).非球面性变化量与等效球镜度、角膜厚度、切削深度等参数均无明显相关.结论 近视眼角膜后表面呈长椭圆形,越靠近周边区域Q值越负;角膜屈光手术后早期会影响角膜后表面的非球面特性,较手术前变扁平,但是随着时间的延长这种变化可以恢复至手术前水平.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the changes of the asphericity (Q-value) of the posterior corneal surface with different corneal diameters after corneal refractive surgery. Methods One hundred and fifteen myopic eyes of 115 subjects undertaken corneal refractive surgery (59 LASIK and 56 EPI-LASIK)were enrolled in this prospective study. The Q-value of the posterior corneal surface for patients with different corneal diameters (6, 7, 8 and 9 mm ) was measured with Pentacam pre-and post-operatively. The correlations between Q-value, Q change (△Q), and the mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction (SE), central corneal thickness (CCT), central ablation depth (AD) and AD/CCT were investigated.Results The mean Q-value of the posterior corneal surface in 115 preoperative eyes with corneal diameters at 6, 7, 8 and 9mm was 0.08±0.16,-0.05±0.13,-0.15±0.12 and-0.26±0.11, respectively.The Q-value had a statistically significant positive shift 1 month after surgery in eyes with 6, 7 and 8 mm corneal diameters ( LASIK: t6mm=-2.076, P=0.042; t7mm=-2.873, P=0.006; t8mm=-2.180, P=0.033;EPI-LASIK:t6mm=-2.859,P=0.006;t7mm=-3.901,P=0.000;t8mm=-3.510,P=0.001 ).The mean Q-value diminished significantly 6 months compared to I month after surgery, and had an obvious tendency back to its preoperative level. No statistically significant correlation between Q and SE or CCI was found in the preoperative eyes. Also, no correlation between △Q and SE, CCT, AD and AD/CCT was found after surgery. Conclusions The shape of the posterior corneal surface in myopic eyes was more prolate as corneal diameter increased, which was similar to the anterior corneal surface. The posterior corneal surface showed central flattening and peripheral steepening (oblate shift) at early stage either post-LASIK or post-EPI-LASIK, and then returned to its original state over time.

Changes of asphericity of posterior corneal surface after corneal refractive surgery

Objective To investigate the changes of the asphericity (Q-value) of the posterior corneal surface with different corneal diameters after corneal refractive surgery. Methods One hundred and fifteen myopic eyes of 115 subjects undertaken corneal refractive surgery (59 LASIK and 56 EPI-LASIK)were enrolled in this prospective study. The Q-value of the posterior corneal surface for patients with different corneal diameters (6, 7, 8 and 9 mm ) was measured with Pentacam pre-and post-operatively. The correlations between Q-value, Q change (△Q), and the mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction (SE), central corneal thickness (CCT), central ablation depth (AD) and AD/CCT were investigated.Results The mean Q-value of the posterior corneal surface in 115 preoperative eyes with corneal diameters at 6, 7, 8 and 9mm was 0.08±0.16,-0.05±0.13,-0.15±0.12 and-0.26±0.11, respectively.The Q-value had a statistically significant positive shift 1 month after surgery in eyes with 6, 7 and 8 mm corneal diameters ( LASIK: t6mm=-2.076, P=0.042; t7mm=-2.873, P=0.006; t8mm=-2.180, P=0.033;EPI-LASIK:t6mm=-2.859,P=0.006;t7mm=-3.901,P=0.000;t8mm=-3.510,P=0.001 ).The mean Q-value diminished significantly 6 months compared to I month after surgery, and had an obvious tendency back to its preoperative level. No statistically significant correlation between Q and SE or CCI was found in the preoperative eyes. Also, no correlation between △Q and SE, CCT, AD and AD/CCT was found after surgery. Conclusions The shape of the posterior corneal surface in myopic eyes was more prolate as corneal diameter increased, which was similar to the anterior corneal surface. The posterior corneal surface showed central flattening and peripheral steepening (oblate shift) at early stage either post-LASIK or post-EPI-LASIK, and then returned to its original state over time.