常染色体隐性遗传视网膜色素变性家系视紫红质基因突变的检测分析

目的 观察一个近亲婚配常染色体隐性遗传视网膜色素变性（ARRP）家系中视紫红质基因（RHO）的突变特征，并探讨其视网膜色素变性(RP)发病机制。 方法 抽取8例该ARRP家系成员及10例正常对照者的外周静脉血5~8 ml；提取基因组DNA；采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法扩增RHO基因第1~5外显子和第1内含子基因 片段 ，用直接DNA测序法筛查RHO基因突变。 结果 来自同一家系3例患者RHO 基因的第5外显子第344密码子发生了A→G碱基的错义突变，导致了谷氨酰胺变成了精氨酸(G ln344Arg)，3例患者为该突变的纯合子。患者近亲婚配父母及1例未患病家庭成员为该突变 的杂合子。2例未患病家庭成员及10例正常对照者均未发现RHO基因突变。 结论 Gln344Arg突变可能是该ARRP家系的致病原因；在近亲婚配ARRP家系中RHO基因突变频率可能增加。 （中华眼底病杂志，2004，20：145-148）

Analysis of the mutation of rhodopsin gene in an inbreeding family with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa

Objective To detect characteristics and the pathogenesis of rhodopsin (RHO) gene mutation in an inbreeding family with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (ARRP). Methods Peripheral venous blood 5-8 ml was abstracted from 8 members in the inbreeding ARRP family and 10 control individuals. DNA gene group was picked. Extron 1-5 of RHO gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and the mutation of RHO gene was screened by direct DNA sequence measurement. Results The Gln-344-Arg mutation in the RHO gene was detected in 3 patients with ARRP and homozygotes of the mutation in 3 patients were found. Heterozygous of the mutation was detected in the parent of patients and 1 healthy family member. No mutation of RHO gene was found in 2 healthy family members and 10 control individuals. Conclusions The Gln-344-Arg mutation in the RHO gene may be the pathogenic factor of the ARRP family; the frequency of the mutation of RHO gene may increase in the inbreeding ARRP family.