一种新型诊断方法——比色法免疫学实验在检测风疹病毒中的应用研究

目的尝试建立一种新型的、可以推广应用于中国麻疹实验室网络的诊断风疹病毒感染的方法。方法来自山东、河南、安徽省疾病预防控制中心麻疹实验室送检的咽拭子标本38份,同时分别用病毒分离通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)判断]、免疫荧光(IFA)法和比色法免疫学实验进行风疹病毒检测,并将三种方法的敏感性、特异性进行比较和评价。结果三种方法分别检测38份咽拭子标本,阳性均为22份,阳性检出率均为57.9%,检测结果完全一致。结论与RT-PCR和IFA两种方法相比,比色法免疫学实验更快速简便,不需要昂贵的仪器,通过肉眼即可判断结果,而且结果敏感可靠。因此作为检测风疹病毒感染的方法,更适合在中国麻疹实验室网络推广应用。

Application of the New Diagnosis on Detecting Rubella Viral Infection

Objective To establish a new diagnosis method to detect Rubella virus infection for future use in Measles Laboratory Network in China.Methods 38 throat swabs collected from Shandong,Henan,and Anhui Provincial Measles Laboratories were detected respectively by 3 methods including viral isolation(combined with RT-PCR),IFA and Colorimetric Immunoassay simultaneously,and the sensitivity and specificity of 3 methods were compared and evaluated.Results The results of 3 methods were identical,totally 22 positive samples in 38 throat swabs were observed in the study,the positive rate is 57.9%.Conclusion Compared with RT-PCR and IFA,Colorimetric immunoassay were more simple and convenient to detect Rubella virus infection.Furthermore,no special cost apparatus were needed,and the results can be judged only by naked eyes.Therefore,Colorimetric Immunoassay were more suited to applying in Measles Laboratories Network in China.