对吸烟有害健康的认识和态度的调查分析

目的：更针对性、更有效地开展吸烟干预工作，减少乃至消除吸烟对健康的危害。方法：按三阶段随机抽样原则抽取15－69岁人群6425人进行吸烟有害健康的认识和态度的问卷调查。结果：有81％的吸烟者和85％的非吸烟者认为吸烟对健康有危害（包括轻度和重度危害）；有69％的吸烟者和76％的非吸烟者认为被动吸烟对健康有危害；认为孕妇吸烟对胎儿的发育存在轻至重度影响的有65％，对吸烟易患疾病的认识，有57％的被调查者知识吸烟易患慢支炎，有33％的人知道易患肺癌，只有2．3％的人知道易患冠心病；而知道易患慢支炎，肺炎，冠心病3种疾病的人不足1％，对吸烟行为的态度，赞同吸烟可以消除疲劳，提高工作效率这一说法的比例较大，为35％，倡导医务人员，教师，家长应起表率作用，赞同他们应带头不吸烟或不应当着小孩面吸烟的分别达69％和63％，欢迎政府出台相关政策来限制吸烟，减轻烟草的危害；赞同应禁止出售香烟给未成年的青少年的比较非常高，达75％，赞同应禁止公共场所吸烟的也有64％，结论：人们对吸烟危害健康的知识不全面，甚至是模糊的。应加强吸烟对健康危害知识的宣传教育，提高人群自觉控烟行为。

Study on People''s Knowledge and Attitude Fowards the Harm of Smoking

Objective To control smoking more pertinently andeffectively to decrease or eliminate the harm of smoking.Methods The Knowledge and attitudes toward the harm of smokingwere invesetigated in 6425 persons aged 15 to 69 years old who were selected through 3-stage random sampling.Results 81% of smoker and 85% of non-smoker agreed that smoking did harm to health(concluding little and serious harm).69% of smoker and 76% of non-smoker agreed that passive smoking also did harm to health;65%of the total believed that smoking while pregnance could be harmful to fetus*sgrowth.57% of the total knew that smoking could cause chronic bronchitis,33%of the total knew that smoking could cause lung cancer,2.3%of the total knew that smoking could cause coronary heart disease, and less than 1%of the total knew that smoking could cause above 3 diseases.35% of the total agreed that smoking could eliminate people*ss fatigue and advance theirs'work efficiency.69% of the total advocated that medical staff and teachers and parents should be models for young people and should not smoke.63% of the total advocated that they should not smoke in front of children. Majority of the total supported government formulate policies to control smoking and decrease the harm of tobacco.75% of the total apptoved that cigarette selling should be prohibited to minor.64% of the total approved that smoking should be forbidden in public places. Conclusion People*ss knowledge about the harm of smoking was incomplete.It is necessary to publicize the harm of smoking to enhance people*ss sconsciousness of controlling smoking.