莱州市农村居民高血压健康教育干预效果评价

目的了解高血压健康教育对农村居民高血压的意义,为高血压的预防提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,于2012年8月—2012年11月,在莱州市苗家抽取辖区2行政村的30⁶5岁的常驻居民为研究对象,采用统一问卷进行高血压教育干预前后的问卷调查。结果与健康教育干预前相比,干预后血压值的正常范围知晓率,高盐饮食、过量饮酒、超重肥胖、遗传以及精神紧张与高血压发病的关系知晓率以及高血压危害的知晓率七项均高于干预前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);除了体育锻炼在干预前后无明显变化外(P>0.05),其他高血压预防的正确行为(控制钠盐的摄入、控制体重、控制酒的摄入以及保持好的心态)正确率均高于健康教育实施前,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高血压健康教育,能够提高农村居民的高血压预防知识水平,改善其行为。

Effects of Interventions of Hypertension Health Education for Rural Residents in Laizhou

Objective To understand the significance of hypertension health education for rural residents,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of hypertension.Methods From August to November in 2012,all residents aged 30-65 in Miaojia town of Laizhou were randomly selected with cluster sampling method for a questionnaire survey about hypertension health education.Results The way for rural residents to obtain hypertension prevention knowledge got improved.After intervention,there was significant increase in the awareness rate of normal blood pressure range,as well as the relationship between high salt diet,excessive drinking,overweight,obesity,heredity and mental tension with the onset of hypertension,hypertension hazards（P ＆lt; 0.05）.Except that physical exercise had no obvious change before and after intervention（P ＆gt;0.05）,the awareness rate of other correct preventive behaviors such as control of sodium intake,weight and alcohol intake,and maintenance of good state of mind was much higher than before,and the difference was statistically significant（P ＆lt;0.05）.Conclusion Hypertension health education can significantly improve the levels of hypertension prevention knowledge among rural residents and their behaviors.