肿瘤中乳酸脱氢酶B作用机制的研究进展

有氧糖酵解增加是肿瘤代谢重编程的主要特征。有氧糖酵解不仅为癌细胞提供能量而且为其生物合成提供必要的前体，这对促进肿瘤生长非常重要。癌细胞通过对糖酵解酶进行调节来满足其自身需求，糖酵解酶在促进肿瘤存活、转移、侵袭等方面发挥着积极作用。乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase,LDH）作为有氧糖酵解的关键酶，由乳酸脱氢酶A(lactate dehydrogenase A,LDHA)和乳酸脱氢酶B(lactate dehydrogenase B,LDHB)两种亚基组成。LDHA被认为在有氧糖酵解过程中起着关键作用，并得到了广泛的研究，然而对于LDHB的研究却较少。但目前LDHB在各种肿瘤进展中的重要作用已被越来越多的报道，大量研究表明，LDHB在多种肿瘤中异常表达，与肿瘤恶性进展相关。本文从LDHB在肿瘤中的调控机制、与肿瘤发生发展的关系以及作为肿瘤诊断的生物标志物等方面综述了其近10年的研究进展，有助于深入了解该蛋白在肿瘤中的作用机制。

Advances in research on mechanism of lactate dehydrogenase B in tumors

Increased glycolysis is a major feature of metabolic reprogramming in cancer.Glycolysis provides not only energy for cancer cells but also necessary precursors for biosynthesis, which is important for promoting tumor growth.Cancer cells meet their own needs by regulating glycolytic enzymes, which play an active role in promoting cancer survival, metastasis, and invasion.Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as a key enzyme in glycolysis, consists of two subunits: lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB).LDHA is known to play a key role in aerobic glycolysis and has been extensively studied, whereas less has been done on LDHB.However, at present, more and more reports have revealed the important effects of LDHB on the progression of various cancers.A large number of studies have shown that LDHB is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, which is related to the malignant progression of tumors.The article reviews the research progress of LDHB in recent ten years, including its regulatory mechanism in tumor, its relationship with cancer development and its role as a biomarker in clinical diagnosis of cancer, which provides some insight for further investigation of the mechanism of LDHB in cancer research.