重症药疹44例临床回顾性分析

目的探讨重症药疹的致病因素、临床特点和防治方法。方法按型别、致敏药物分类回顾性分析44例重症药疹患者的临床资料。结果44例重症药疹患者中重症多形红斑型21例(47.7%),中毒性表皮坏死松解型9例(20.5%),剥脱性皮炎型10例(22.7%),药物超敏反应综合征4例(9.1%)。致敏药物中排在前三位的分别是抗癫痫药(36.4%)、别嘌呤醇(22.7%)及抗生素(20.5%)。抗癫痫药致敏患者年龄小于别嘌呤醇及抗生素所致者,别嘌呤醇致敏者潜伏期长于抗癫痫药及抗生素所致者。中毒性表皮坏死松解型药疹的糖皮质激素用量大于其他几种类型重症药疹。结论重症药疹患者中重症多形红斑型发病率最高,药物超敏反应综合征发病率最低。抗癫痫药、别嘌呤醇、抗生素为主要致敏药物。

Retrospective study with 44 cases with severe drug eruptions

Objective To analyze the causative drugs and the eruption types and their relationship,and to investigate the clinical symptoms and therapy of severe drug eruptions.Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 44 cases of severe drug eruptions,and classified according to types and causative drugs.Results There were 21(47.7%)cases of Steven-Johnson syndrome,9 cases(20.5%)of toxic epidermal necrolysis,10 cases(22.7%)of exfoliative dermatitis and 4 cases(9.1%)of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndr...