高血压防治中健康教育干预模式调查

目的 探索健康教育在高血压防治中的干预重点和适宜的方法。方法 选取两个居民小区，采用自拟的调查表入户调查，资料采用Microsoft Access数据库分析。结果 (1)两个居民小区人群的性别、年龄、化程度构成具有可比性；(2)两组人群吸烟率分别为25．64％和29．52％，戒烟原因主要是因认识到吸烟有害健康和家人反对，知识来源主要是通过电视和他人告知。(3)两组人群饮酒率分别为22．56％和32．60％，戒酒原因主要是因认识到酗酒有害健康和患病，知识来源主要是通过电视和他人告知。(4)饮食情况：近1年中常吃的食物是新鲜蔬菜，饮食习惯选择较成的分别占21．53％、31．27％；喜欢高脂肪饮食的分别占13．85％、13．66％；(5)两组人群经常参加运动的比例分别为61．54％、54．63％；运动强度达到中等以上的均超过一半；(6)近1／8的调查对象经常失眠。结论 应用健康教育手段对高血压防治的干预重点是行为干预。知识的传播方式应采用大众传媒中的电视和人际传播方式；行为干预过程中，注重良好的卫生习惯培养，科学的生活方式的选择，如控烟、限酒、合理膳食、适度运动等是干预重点。

A report on the survey of health educational intervention model in the prevention and control of hypertension

Objective To probe the intervention stress and proper methods of health education in the prevention and control of hypertension.Methods Two little residential quarters were selected.Self-drafted questionnaires were carried out and the database of Microsoft Access was adopted.Results (1)Comparativity exists in terms of sex,age and schooling of inhabitants in the two residential quarters;(2)Smoking rates of inhabitants in the two residential quarters are 25.64% and 29.52% respectively.They give up smoking mainly because of their realization of bad impact of smoking and their families' opposition.Such knowledge is mainly obtained through TV and other people.(3)Drinking rates of inhabitants in the two residential quarters are 22.56% and 32.60% respectively.They give up drinking mainly because of their realization of bad impact imposed by drinking and of vulnerability to diseases.Such knowledge is mainly obtained through TV and other people too.(4)Diet situation:In the recent one year their mainly favorite food is fresh vegetable.The rates of inhabitants in the two residential quarters who prefer salty food are 21.53% and 31.27% respectively and who prefer fatty diet 13.85% and 13.66% respectively.(5)The rates of inhabitants in the two residential quarters who do regular exercise are 61.54% and 54.63% respectively.More than half of them participate in sports with moderate intensity.(6)Nearly 1/8 inhabitants in the two residential quarters suffer from frequent insomnia.Conclusion Priority should be given to behavior intervention in terms of prevention and control of hypertension.TV,a kind of mass media and interpersonal propagation,should be adopted as ways to spread relevant knowledge.In the process of behavior intervention,special efforts should be made to cultivate healthy habit and to select scientific lifestyle,such as living with smoking control,drinking restriction,rational diet and suitable exercise.