Diagnosis and Prevention of Hypersensitivity Reactions to Iodinated Contrast Media |
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| Authors: | Hye-Ryun Kang Jiung Jeong Knut Brockow |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.;2.Drug Safety Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.;3.Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. |
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| Abstract: | Iodinated contrast media (ICM) have become one of the major causes of drug hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) related to increasing numbers of ICM-based radiological imaging procedures. Strategies for diagnosing and preventing ICM-induced HSRs have not been uniformly standardized yet. However, advances have been made based on the results of recent research. A previous history of hypersensitivity to ICM is the most significant risk factor for developing HSR by ICM. Avoidance of culprit agents and premedication is the main strategy to prevent recurrences of HSRs in high-risk patients. In addition, we strongly recommend identifying sensitized ICM using skin tests to determine immunoglobulin E-mediated or delayed-type allergy and to guide the choice of an alternative contrast agent. ICM provocation test procedures have been established and are helpful in selected cases. In this paper, we review how to evaluate patients who have experienced immediate or delayed HSRs caused by ICM to minimize the risk of recurrence and discuss unmet needs that require further research. |
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| Keywords: | Contrast media hypersensitivity drug allergy skin tests |
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