2011—2019年南京市学生肺结核流行病学特征分析

目的 了解南京市学生肺结核流行病学特征，为学校结核病防控工作提出可行性建议。方法 从《结核病管理信息系统》导出2011—2019年全市学生肺结核资料，对患者的发病情况、分布特点、来源与治疗转归、延迟情况等进行统计分析。结果 2011—2019年学生肺结核年均发病率10.67/10万，9年间发病率从14.92/10万下降到9.18/10万（EAPC=-6.6%，P=0.044），下降38.46%。病原学阳性肺结核年均发病率3.47/10万。男女发病比例1.7DK]∶1，19～22岁组病例占48.39%。每年4-5月和9月为发病高峰期，学生患者以因症就诊（56%）发现为主，就诊延迟率为38.51%，确诊延迟率为31.77%。结论 南京市学生肺结核发病仍具有一定水平，肺结核就诊延迟情况严峻，应采取相关措施继续加强学校结防工作。

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Nanjing, 2011—2019

To explore the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis among students in Nanjing City, so as to provide some feasible suggestions for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods Student TB cases reported in Nanjing City from 2011 to 2019 were selected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System. The statistical methods were used to retrospectively analyze the characteristics of incidence, distribution, disease discovery, treatment and outcome and delay of tuberculosis. Results The average annual incidence of tuberculosis in students from 2011 to 2019 was 10.67/100 000. During the 9 years, the incidence dropped to 9.18/100 000 from 14.92/100 000(EAPC=-6.6%, P=0.044) and decreased by 38.46%. The average annual incidence rate of students with pathogen positive pulmonary tuberculosis was 3.47/100 000. The male to female ratio of student TB cases was 1.7:1. The TB students aged from 19 to 22 accounted for 48.39% in all enrolled subjects. The peak of incidence was during April to May and September. The students were mainly diagnosed by self-referral due to symptom(56%), with a delay rate of 38.51% and a diagnosis delay rate of31.77%. Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary TB of students in Nanjing City isstill at a certain level. And the proportion of health seeking delay is high. It is of great importance to take comprehensive strategies to control and prevent TB in schools.