妊娠不同时期增重对妊娠期糖尿病发病的影响

目的 探究妊娠不同时期增重对妇女妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病的影响.方法 选取130例2015年6月至2016年6月在解放军第105医院妇产科进行分娩并确诊为妊娠期糖尿病的单胎妊娠孕妇作为研究对象,分析孕期不同时期增重对糖尿病的影响,对孕期不同时期增重与GDM关系进行Logistic回归分析.结果 孕早期体重增重不足最多,占40.00%,孕中期则以增重过多为主,占45.38%,孕早中期增重总值以增重过多为主,占47.69%.孕期增重总值与孕前孕前质量指数身体质量指数(BMI)、年龄、糖尿病家族史有显著相关性(χ2值分别为14.607、11.504、0.463,均P<0.05),而与文化程度、家庭人均月收入无显著相关性(χ2值分别为0.173、1.983,均P>0.05).孕中期增重过多、孕早中期增重过多是影响GDM的主要因素(OR值分别为2.450、2.370,均P<0.05).结论 妊娠期间增重过多与GDM发病有相关性,孕妇应进行孕期体重管理,避免体重增加过多,尤其是孕中期体重增加过多.

Influence of weight gain on onset of gestational diabetes mellitus in women during different periods of pregnancy

Objective To explore the influence of gestational weight gain on onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women during different periods of pregnancy.Methods A total of 130 singleton pregnant women giving birth and diagnosed with GDM during the period of January to December in 2015 were selected as subjects.The influence of weight gain on GDM during different periods of pregnancy was analyzed.The relationship between weight gain at different periods and GDM was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results Insufficient early gestational weight gain was most, accounting for 40.00%, while in mid-pregnancy excessive weight gain was most, accounted for 45.38%.Total gain value gave priority to excessive gain in early pregnancy and mid-pregnancy, accounting for 47.69%.Total gestational weight gain was significantly correlated with BMI and age, family history of GDM (χ2 value was 14.607, 11.504 and 0.463, respectively, all P<0.05), but was not correlated with cultural level and family monthly income per capita (χ2 value was 0.173 and 1.983, respectively, both P>0.05).Excessive weight gain in mid-pregnancy and in early and mid-pregnancy was the major factor influencing GDM (OR value was 2.450 and 2.370, respectively, both P<0.05).Conclusion Excessive gestational weight gain is associated with GDM.Pregnant women should manage weight during pregnancy to avoid excessive weight gain, especially in mid-pregnancy.