社区围绝经期妇女抑郁症状与社会支持的相关分析

目的 评估社区围绝经期妇女抑郁症状的发生比例,以及社会支持状况与抑郁症状的相关性.方法 2016年3至10月采用随机抽样的方法,从上海市黄浦区10个社区居委随机抽取45~59岁妇女,进行问卷调查.问卷内容包括一般情况、患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GDA-7)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS).建立数据库,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行t检验和非参数分析.结果 987例妇女完成调查问卷,平均年龄54.99±3.24岁.被分析对象的社会支持总分为35.81±6.58分,不同年龄组、不同文化程度、不同婚姻状况的妇女所得的社会支持程度差异具有统计学意义(F=3.165~20.982,均P<0.05).不同年龄组有抑郁焦虑症状患者差异无统计学意义(χ2值分别为4.148、0.356、2.716、3.732,.均P>0.05).比较抑郁症状组与无症状组的围绝经期妇女,有抑郁症状者所获得的社会支持少,社会支持各维度得分低(t值分别为18.915、3.917,均P<0.01).而焦虑症状组与无症状组的社会支持量表评分差异无统计学意义(t=0.582,P>0.05).结论 围绝经期妇女社会支持与年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度有关,具有抑郁症状者社会支持降低.

Status of depression and its relationship with social support in perimenopausal women in community

Objective To investigate the incidence of depression in perimenopausal women in community and the correlation between social support and depression.Methods A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with questionnaire among women aged 45-59 years randomly selected from 10 communities in Huangpu District.The contents of questionnaire included general conditions, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GDA-7) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS).All of the data was analyzed with t-test and nonparametric test using SPSS 13.0.Results A total of 987 women with mean age of 54.99±3.24 years old completed the questionnaires.Score of social support was 35.81±6.58.Difference in social support of women in different age, with different education degree and marital status was statistically significant (F value ranged 3.165 to 20.982, all P<0.001).There was no significant difference between different age groups in symptoms of depression and anxiety (χ2 value was 4.148, 0.356, 2.716 and 3.732, respectively, all P>0.05).The social support score of depressive women was lower than normal women (t value was 18.915 and 3.917, respectively, both P<0.01).No significant difference was found between women with and without anxiety (t=0.582, P>0.05).Conclusion Social support of perimenopausal women is associated with their age, marital status and education degree.The women with depression obtain poor social support.