儿童青少年超重、肥胖对其身体机能影响的多水平分析

目的:利用多水平模型分析儿童青少年超重、肥胖对其身体机能的影响,为客观认识其影响提供依据。方法:利用2005年中国学生体质与健康调研数据资料,依据中国肥胖问题工作组制定的《中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖BMI筛查分类标准》,筛查超重、肥胖儿童青少年,以肥胖人数为基数,按性别、城乡频数匹配(1∶1∶1)随机抽取超重和非超重个体,采用单因变量和多因变量多水平模型,综合分析儿童青少年超重、肥胖对其身体机能的影响。结果:单因变量模型分析结果显示,超重儿童青少年收缩压、舒张压比非超重者平均增加5.25 mmHg和3.44mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),差异有统计学意义(P0.01),但脉搏、肺活量差异无统计学意义(P0.05);肥胖儿童青少年收缩压、舒张压、脉搏和肺活量比非超重者平均增加10.15 mmHg、6.34 mmHg、1.44次/分和390.04mL,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。多因变量模型分析结果显示,超重儿童青少年收缩压、舒张压、脉搏、肺活量均比非超重者高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);肥胖儿童青少年收缩压、舒张压、脉搏比非超重者高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),但肺活量差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:儿童青少年超重、肥胖可导致其身体机能下降,肥胖造成的影响更加明显。

Effects of overweight and obesity on physical function among children and adolescents: a multilevel analysis

Objective:To analyze the influence of overweight and obesity on body function among children and adolescents using a multilevel model,and to provide the basis for understanding their influence.Methods: According to the "Reference Norms for Screening Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents" set up by Working Group Obesity in China(WGOC) in 2003,we screened out individuals with overweight and obesity from the data obtained from the body and health survey of Chinese children and adolescents in 2005.The samples of the non-overweight group and the overweight group were randomly selected from the screened data by 1∶ 1 match with samples of the obesity group by gender and city/rural area,then underwent the multilevel model to explore the influence of overweight and obesity on body function.Results: The single dependent variable model showed that the overweight group had significant increases in systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) by 5.25 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and 3.44 mmHg,respectively(P<0.01),when compared with the non-overweight group.There were no significant differences between the overweight and non-overweight groups in pulse and vital capacity(VC)(P>0.05),and the obesity group had significant increases in SBP,DBP,pulse and VC by 10.15 mmHg,6.34 mmHg,1.44 times/min and 390.04 mL,respectively(P<0.01),when compared with the non-overweight group.The multiple dependent variables model showed that the SBP,DBP and pulse of the overweigh group and obesity group were significantly greater than those of non-overweight group(P<0.01).There was a significant difference between the overweight group and non-overweight group in VC(P<0.05),yet the same result was not found between the obesity group and non-overweight group(P>0.05).Conclusion: Overweight and obesity may cause a decline in body function among children and adolescents,and obesity has a more obvious influence on body function.