2046名小学生非散瞳状态下屈光状态分析

目的:分析非散瞳状态下的小学生眼屈光状态.方法:采用横断面调查设计,对城区小学生2 046人(4 092眼)进行电脑自动验光,数据采用SPSS10.0软件行统计分析.结果:在4092眼中,正视眼1 309眼(32.0%),远视眼170眼(4.2%),近视眼2 613眼(63.8%).其中低度近视2 102眼(51.4%),中度近视464眼(11.3%),高度近视47眼(1.1%).其中,男生1 348眼近视(61.2%),女生1 265眼近视(67%).6个年级中正视眼比例逐渐下降,1年级正视眼占45.5%、6年级正视眼占19.2%.平均屈光度(-1.32±1.60)D.小学六个年级屈光度比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),其中女生的平均近视程度较男生重,男女屈光度比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).小学6年间近视的进展为-1.0 D,平均-0.2 D/y.结论:中国小学生近视情况严重,应予以重视,加强早期干预.

Analysis of refractive status without cycloplegia in 2046 Pupils

PURPOSE: To observe the eyes' refractive status without cycloplegia in 2046 pupils. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 2046 pupils of 4092 eyes in Xi'an city primary schools. The objective ophthalmic examinations were done on all participants,which included non-cycloplegic objective refraction, visual acuity, ocular pressure, fundus evaluation by special trained ophthalmologists and nurses. The special designed inventory scale was filled in and input special computer program, then the data were statistically analyzed with SPSS10.0. RESULTS: In the primary school of 2046 pupils of 4092 eyes, the detective rate of emmetropia was 32.0% of 1309 eyes, hypermetropia was 4.2% of 170 eyes, myopia was 63.8% of 2613 eyes, low myopia was 51.4% of 2102 eye, moderate myopia was 11.3% of 464 eyes, and high myopia was 1.1% of 47 eyes in total. In both eyes, the detective rate was 61.2%of 1348 eyes in 2204 boys, 67% of 1265 in 1888 girls. Among 6 grades, the constituent ratio of moderate and high myopia groups were significantly increased with the age's growing, including emmetropia 45.5% of 343 eyes out of 754 in 1st grade and 19.2% of 122 eyes out of 634 in 6th grade.The average refractive error of spherical equivalent refraction was (-1.32+/-1.60)D.Among 6 grades,the 1st grade' was (0.82+/-1.42)D,and the 6th grade's was (-1.82+/-1.68)D, there were significant differencesamong 6 grades(p<0.01).There was a significant difference between girls and boys(p<0.01). The average myopizing rate was -0.2 D at per year, -1.0 D in the total of the progression in 6 years.CONCLUSIONS: Poor condition of myopizing was showed in Chinese pupils. It should be taking seriously and making early intervention.