武汉市15岁及以上人群二手烟暴露现状分析

目的 了解武汉市15岁及以上成人二手烟暴露的水平、主要暴露场所,为制定相关的控烟措施提供有力依据。方法 采用全球成人烟草调查（GATS）统一的抽样方法和调查问卷, 在全市14个区的50个监测点抽取5 000个家庭户；采用入户调查形式进行电子数据采集，每户家庭随机抽取1名合格的调查对象。对数据加权后,采用SAS 9.3复杂调查设计分析程序进行数据分析。结果 全市最终完成调查样本(n = 4 311 )。在过去30 d内，非吸烟者中有43.1%在室内工作场所暴露于二手烟，32.3%的非吸烟者在家中暴露于二手烟，其中男性21.9%，女性37.9%。在过去30 d内到过不同公共场所的成人中，二手烟暴露由高到低依次为酒吧/夜总会（96.8%）、饭店（72.4%）、中小学校（37.7%）、政府大楼（36.9%），大学（25.9%）、医疗机构 （24.3%）、公共交通工具（13.5%）。 结论 武汉市二手烟暴露现状严峻, 酒吧、餐馆、室内工作场所是二手烟暴露的主要场所，应积极推进公共场所和室内工作场所控烟立法。

Survey on exposure to second-hand smoke among adults aged 15 and above in Wuhan

Objective To understand the situation on exposure to second-hand smoke among the Wuhan adults aged 15 and above in 2015. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted based on the protocol on global adult tobacco survey(GATS). The multistage stratified PPS sampling method was used to randomly selected 5 000 households from 50 communities as the subjects. Data were collected from household survey and the electronic devices. One eligible respondent was selected by random sampling in each household。The data were weighted, analyzed by SAS 9.3 complex survey design and analysis program. Results A total of 4 311 subjects were investigated. In the past 30 days, 43.1% of nonsmokers exposed to second-hand smoke in indoor workplaces, 32.3% of nonsmokers exposed to second-hand smoke at households’ homes.96.8%, 72.4%, 37.7%, 36.9%, 25.9%, 24.3% and 13.5% of the respondents reported that smoking existed in the places which inside of bars or night club, in the restaurants, schools, government buildings or office, universities, medical institutions, and on public transportation, respectively. Conclusion The situation on exposure to second-hand smoke in Wuhan is grim, the major places with second-hand smoke exposure among the residents are bars, restaurants and working places. We should actively promote tobacco control legislation in public places and indoor workplaces.