成都市公交司机职业紧张状况及影响因素分析

目的 探讨成都市公交司机的职业紧张状况及其影响因素。方法 采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)对1500名成都市公交司机的职业紧张状况进行测量,对所测得的数据进行统计学分析。结果 成都公交司机的职业任务、紧张反应两个分量表总均分及多个子项得分均高于中国西南地区职业紧张常模(总均分181.2±18.6/162.9±27.0、98.2±16.5/91.0±17.2,P<0.01),但应对资源分量表总均分及各个子项得分(娱乐休闲除外)较低(总均分129.2±17.7/120.6±16.7,P<0.01)。男性公交司机职业任务和紧张反应分量表总均分及多个子项得分均高于女性公交司机(总均分189.2±19.1/176.2±17.5、102.5±15.7/94.7±16.4,P<0.01);但应对资源中自我保健、社会支持子项得分低于女性公交司机(32.2±3.9/23.1±4.0、33.4±6.4/25.3±7.2,P<0.01)。30~40岁年龄段公交司机的任务过重、任务不适、责任感、心理紧张反应、躯体紧张反应子项得分高于其他年龄段,此年龄段公交司机的社会支持子项得分低于其他年龄段(P<0.01)。结论 成都市公交司机职业紧张状况高于一般人群,应采取适当措施,减少职业紧张。

Occupational stress and its influencing factors of bus drivers,Chengdu

Objective To investigate the occupational stress situation of bus drivers in Chengdu and its influencing factors. Methods The occupational stress level of 1500 randomized bus drivers in Chengdu was evaluated by OSI-R,and the measured data were analyzed statistically. Results The scores of OSQ and PSQ of bus drivers were higher than those of the normal drivers (181.2±18.6/162.9±27.0,98.2±16.5/91.0±17.2,P<0.01),but the scores of PRQ were lower (129.2±17.7/120.6±16.7,P<0.01).The male driver's scores of OSQ and PSQ were higher than those of female bus drivers (189.2±19.1/176.2±17.5,102.5±15.7/94.7±16.4,P<0.01),but the scores of self-care and social support were lower (32.2±3.9/23.1±4.0,33.4±6.4/25.3±7.2,P<0.01).The scores of role overload,role insufficiency,responsibility,psychological strain and physical strain response of bus drivers in 30~40 age group were higher than those of other groups,however the scores of social support were lower. Conclusion The occupational stress of bus drivers in Chengdu is higher than the general population.Thus,appropriate measures should be taken to reduce occupational stress.