张家港市流动人口乙肝相关知识知晓率及健康教育需求调查分析

目的 了解张家港市流动人口乙肝相关知识知晓率和健康教育需求情况,为今后有针对性开展健康教育和健康促进活动提供科学依据。方法 根据国家科技重大专项项目办公室提供的调查问卷,在张家港市用工企业、建筑工地以及服务行业体检办证点等抽取流动人口,由经过统一培训的专业人员进行问卷调查。结果 张家港市流动人口乙肝相关知识总知晓率为41.82%;在乙肝基本知识方面流动人口对“目前没有治疗乙型肝炎的特效药物知晓率”仅为19.79%;在乙肝传播途径方面,“纹身、修脚、穿耳洞等”知晓率最低,只有16.53%;在乙肝非传播途径方面,“一起吃饭,拥抱、握手”、“共用工作和学习用具”知晓率均在30%～40%左右;在预防知识方面,只有约50%的流动人口知道接种疫苗是预防乙肝最主要的方法。单因素分析和多元线性回归分析结果表明文化程度和职业是影响流动人口乙肝相关知识得分的重要因素(P＜0.05)。结论 张家港市流动人口乙肝相关知识知晓率偏低,应通过丰富多样的、多渠道的健康宣教,提高流动人口的乙肝相关知识水平。

Knowledge awareness and health education demand of hepatitis B among the floating population,Zhangjiagang

Objective To explore the hepatitis B related knowledge awareness and health education demand among the floating population in Zhangjiagang and to provide a scientific basis for the targeted health education and promotion to be carried out in the future.Methods The questionnaire applied by the project of The Major Epidemic Prevention and Control Demonstration Zone in Jiangsu Province was conducted by the trained professionals to investigate the floating people who were randomly sampled from the employers in some industrial enterprises,construction sites and physical examination and registration points for the service industry.Results The total hepatitis B related knowledge awareness rate of the floating population in Zhangjiagang was 41.82%.In the basic knowledge of hepatitis B,only 19.79% floating population knew no specific drugs for hepatitis B available now.In terms of the transmission route,only 16.53% knew that hepatitis B could be got by tattoos,pedicures and pierced ears.In the non-transmission way of hepatitis B,the awareness rate of eating together,hugging,shaking hands,sharing work and learning tools were all about 30%~40%.In terms of prevention knowledge,only about 50% knew that vaccination was the most important way to prevent hepatitis B.The results of single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that education degree and occupation were important factors influencing the knowledge score of floating population (P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of hepatitis B related knowledge of floating population in Zhangjiagang is relatively low.A variety of multi-types and multi-channel health education should be adopted to introduce the related knowledge to the floating population in order to improve their hepatitis B related knowledge level.