Surface area analysis of dental implants using micro-computed tomography

Objectives: In this study, we present and evaluate a micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT)‐based method for the calculation of the potential bone/implant contact area (p‐BICA) on the surface of dental implants. Material and methods: For seven commercially available implants (Ankylos? implant, Brånemark System^®, Frialit CELLplus?, Replace^® Select Tapered, Straumann Solid screw?, XiVE S CELLplus?, 3i Osseotite XP? Threaded Miniplant^®), the p‐BICA surface is determined by means of three‐dimensional X‐ray computed‐tomography and computer‐based data processing. Measurements were repeated two times, and the stability and repeatability of the measurement method were evaluated. Results: Our analysis revealed a p‐BICA of 118 mm² for the XiVE S CELLplus? implant, 134 mm² for the Ankylos?, 136 mm² for the Frialit CELLplus?, 138 mm² for the Brånemark System^®, 139 mm² for the Replace^®, 159 mm² for the 3i Osseotite XP? and 199 mm² for the Straumann Solid screw? implant. The measurement method proved to be stable and led to reproducible results. Conclusions: The micro‐ and macrostructure of dental implants define the surface and the p‐BICA. Precise determination of this parameter can be achieved by means of the micro‐CT‐based method as presented in this study. The value of p‐BICA lies in the predictability of industrial design before preclinical and clinical testing. Based on this method, dental implant properties become comparable even if geometrical details are not disclosed by the manufacturer.