Sephadex—G50微柱凝胶血型试剂的研制和应用

目的 研制卡式微柱凝胶血型试剂并应用于血型血清学试验。方法 以Sephadex-G50超细凝胶为分子筛载体，制备成中性微柱凝胶试剂卡、特异性凝胶试剂卡及coomb’s凝胶试剂卡并用于血型鉴定、配血试验、抗体筛选和鉴定，对1000名献血者ABO及Rh（D）血型进行鉴定，其中A型272例、B型279例、B3亚型1例、0型437例、AB型11例；Rh（D）阴性2例，Rh（D）阳性998例；对100例输血前检查标本进行配血试验；以Coomb＇s凝胶试剂卡对抗-D、-C、-c、-E、-e、-Jk^a、-Jk^b、-Fy^a、-Di^a等9个抗体分别与谱红细胞反应做特异性抗体鉴定试验：同时以瑞士进口的DiaMed同类产品及常规的血型血清学试管法同步比较。结果 研制的卡式微柱凝胶血型试剂与瑞士进口的DiaMed同类产品比较，检验结果、敏感性、特异性无明显差别。结论 研制的卡式微柱凝胶试剂适用于血型鉴定、配血试验、抗体筛选和鉴定等血型血清学检查，该试剂制备具有成本低、工艺简单的优点，具有较好的推广应用和开发价值。

Development of Sephadex-G50 Microcolumn Technique for Blood Group Serological Detection

Objective To study the application of sephadex-G50 microcolumn technique established by Guangzhou Blood Center for blood group serology. Methods Sephadex-G50 microcolumn was developed by our center for blood group typing. The blood samples of 1 000 blood donors were identified by routine typing, the sephadex-G50 microcolumn and the microcolumn gel （DiaMed, Switzerland）. 100 cross-matching of blood samples were detected by the three methods. The special antibodies, such as -D,-C, -c, -E, -e, -Jk^a, -Jk^b, -Fy^a, -Dia were detected by the three methods. Results There were no difference between the sephadex-G50 microcolumn and the microcolumn gel （DiaMed, Switzerland）. Conclusion Our sephadex-G50 microcolumn is as good as the microcolumn gel （DiaMed, Switzerland）, but cheaper. It is suitable for blood group typing.