儿童支气管哮喘中医证型及证素的文献研究

目的:探讨儿童支气管哮喘中医证型及证素的分布规律。方法:对国内三大数据库知网、维普、万方自建库至2015年12月的全部期刊进行检索,对符合要求的儿童支气管哮喘证型和证素进行归纳总结,原始数据用Excel表建立数据库,利用频数分析法进行统计分析。结果:共纳入文献311篇,其中哮喘发作期193篇,缓解期118篇。经统计得出儿童支气管哮喘发作期证型包括热哮、寒哮、痰热壅肺等11个证型;缓解期包括肺脾气虚、肾气亏虚等16个证型。证素分布情况:发作期病位在肺,其次为肾、脾;病性为热与寒,其次为痰、瘀等。缓解期主要病位在肺,其次为脾、肾;病性主要为气虚,其次为阴虚、阳虚、痰湿等。结论:儿童支气管哮喘发作期以实证为主,病性以热、寒、痰、瘀多见,病位在肺;缓解期以虚证为主,病性以气虚多见,病位主要在肺、脾、肾。

Literature Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Pattern of Child Bronchial Asthma and Its Pattern Elements

Objective:To discuss the distribution law of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pattern and pattern elements in children with bronchial asthma. Methods:Literatures about child bronchial asthma from databases like CNKI,VIP and Wanfang database since its foundation to December 2015 were searched. Literatures meeting with requirements were summarized and the data were statistical analyzed by frequency analysis with Excel software. Results:There were 311 literatures included,in which there were 193 about bronchial asthma attack,118 about asthma remission. After statistical analysis,there were 11 TCM patterns in attack stage,like heat asthma,cold asthma,phlegm heat accumulating in the lung,16 patterns in the remission stage like spleen qi deficiency,kidney qi deficiency. The pattern elements were as follows:in the attack stage,disease location was the lung,followed by kidney and spleen,and disease nature included heat and cold followed by phlegm and stasis;in the remission stage,disease location was the lung followed by spleen and kidney,and disease nature was mainly qi deficiency followed by yin deficiency,yang deficiency,phlegm and dampness. Conclusions:For child bronchial asthma,in the attack stage,excessive pattern is common,usually of heat,cold,phlegm and stasis nature,with disease location being lung;in the remission stage,deficient pattern is common,usually of qi deficiency nature,with disease location being lung,spleen and kidney.