内镜辅助导管改道术治疗唾液腺导管重度狭窄

目的:探索内镜辅助导管袋形改道术治疗唾液腺导管重度狭窄(或闭锁)并发导管重度扩张的疗效.方法:2010年7月至2016年12月对腮腺导管前段重度狭窄的患者(8例)及下颌下腺导管前段闭锁的患者(3例)行内镜辅助导管袋形改道术.所有患者患侧腺体伴发导管重度扩张,并有反复肿痛史.术前通过唾液腺造影、CT或B超测定导管扩张和狭窄情况.通过颊黏膜或口底切口将导管扩张段切开并与口腔黏膜缝合,形成改道口.术后定期复查,通过分析临床表现、造影表现及单腺体唾液流率评价疗效.结果:术前测量腮腺患者导管狭窄段长度 5～12 mm,扩张段直径8 ～ 16 mm;下颌下腺患者导管闭锁段长度10～20 mm,扩张段直径6～8 mm.所有患者术后 2周改道口愈合良好,术后随访6 ～78个月(中位数24个月).8例腮腺患者中2例导管闭锁病例术后3个月导管再次闭锁,分别随访半年、6.5年临床症状消失,且颊部索条状包块消失;1例术后症状消失,但半年后复发,可自行按摩缓解;余5例患者临床症状及颊部索条状包块消失,分泌良好,造影显示导管扩张情况改善.3例下颌下腺患者症状消失,分泌良好;其中2例造影表现良好,1例造影表现有改善.9例管口通畅的患者进行了唾液流率测定,结果显示静息状态下患侧腺体分泌良好,酸刺激后分泌增加,但稍低于健侧.11例患者临床疗效评价为优5例,良 4例,差2例,总优良率82％(9/11).结论:内镜辅助导管改道术对唾液腺导管重度狭窄(或闭锁)并发重度扩张病例具有确切疗效.

Endoscopy-assisted sialodochoplasty for the treatment of severe sialoduct stenosis

Objective: To evaluate the effects of endoscopy-assisted sialodochoplasty for the treatment of severe sialoduct stenosis with concurrent megaducts. Methods: From Jul. 2010 to Dec. 2016,8 patients presenting with severe parotid duct stenosis and 3 patients with occlusion of the Wharton's duct underwent endoscopy-assisted sialodochoplasty. All these patients had concurrent severe ductal ectasiaand manifested a painful swelling of the involved salivary glands. The diameter of ectasia and length of stenosis of the sialoducts were measured preoperatively by sialography, computed tomography, or ultrasonography. The megaducts were opened transorally and sutured to the buccal or oral floor mucosa, therefore creating a neo-ostium. All the patients were followed up periodically after operation. The treatment effects were evaluated by clinical signs, sialogram and sialometry. Results: The length of the Stensen's duct stenosis was 5-12 mm, and the diameter of the concurrent ectasia was 8-16 mm. The length of the Wharton's duct stenosis was 10-20 mm, and the diameter of the concurrent ectasia was 6-8 mm. The neo-ostiums healed uneventfully 2 weeks after operation. The duration of the follow-up varied from 6 to 78 months (median: 24 months). Among the 8 patients with Stensen's duct stenosis, two experienced re-obliteration of the neo-ostium,but the buccal bulge and clinical symptoms disappeared; one reported recurrent clinical symptoms after initial alleviation,which could be controlled with self-massaging; the remaining 5 patients had satisfactory clinical results, i. e.,disappearance of the obstruction symptoms and buccal bulge, patent ostium, clean saliva and improvement of the ductal ectasia on sialogram. Three patients with Wharton's duct occlusion were asymptomatic with clear saliva and patent ostium; two exhibited approximately normal appearance and one showed improvement of the sialogram. Sialometry was performed in 9 patients with patent neo-ostium of the involved glands,the resting saliva flow rate of the affected glands showed no differences compared with the normal side, and stimulated flow rate showed a significant increase, though less than the control side. The clinical results included good in 5 patients, fair in 4 patients,and poor in 2 patients,with a total effective rate of 82％ (9/11). Conclusion: Endoscopy-assisted sialodochoplasty appears to be effective and can be a viable option for patients presenting with severe sialoducts tenosis and concurrent ectasia.