HBV宫内传播的研究进展

HBV宫内感染是乙肝免疫失败的主要原因, HBV宫内传播的途径主要有胎盘途径、PBMCS途径及经生殖细胞的传播. 其中胎盘的渗漏或胎盘细胞的感染是主要的途径. 母亲血清HBV DNA含量、HBV基因型、遗传因素是影响宫内感染的主要因素. 近年来的临床研究显示孕期使用乙肝高效价免疫球蛋白或拉米夫定可以阻断大部分宫内感染, 但目前尚缺乏大样本的随机对照研究, 探索宫内感染的机制和可行的阻断措施是我国控制乙型肝炎流行的关键所在.

Advances in research on intrauterine HBV infection

The main cause of failure of immunization for hepatitis B virus (HBV) is intrauterine infection. Possible routes of infection include transplacental transmission, and transmission of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and germ cells. Some factors, such as the level of HBV DNA in maternal serum, HBV genotype, and hereditary factors, can affect intrauterine HBV infection. Many clinical studies have indicated that using hepatitis B immunoglobulin or lamivudine in the third trimester of pregnancy can interrupt intrauterine transmission of HBV. However, this therapy needs to be confirmed by a randomized controlled clinical trial in a large patient population. Therefore, examining the mechanisms of intrauterine infection of HBV and determining feasible therapy are crucial to controlling the HBV epidemic in China.