甲磺酸伊马替尼治疗慢性髓细胞白血病的不良反应和防治措施

甲磺酸伊马替尼是一种口服的新型酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,已成为慢性髓细胞白血病的一线治疗药物,其不良反应包括血液学不良反应和非血液学不良反应。血液学不良反应主要表现为骨髓抑制(白细胞、血红蛋白和血小板减少);非血液学不良反应主要表现为恶心、呕吐、腹泻、水肿和水钠潴留、肌痛及肌痉挛等。本文就甲磺酸伊马替尼治疗慢性髓细胞白血病所出现的主要不良反应和防治策略进行初步探讨。

Adverse Reactions and Precautions of Imatinib Mesylate in the Treatment of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia

Imatinib mesylate is a new kind of oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has become a first-hne treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia. The main adverse reactions of imatinib mesylate are haematological and nonhaemato- logical. The haematological adverse reactions include bone marrow suppression（the decrease of white blood cells, hemoglobin and platelet）. The nonhaematological adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, edema（mainly periorbital edema）, myalgia and muscle cramps. The main adverse reactions and precautions of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia were reviewed in this paper.