甲状腺结节的超声诊断及超声征象分析

目的 分析甲状腺结节的超声诊断及超声征象特点。方法 回顾性分析2018年3月~2019年3月在我院诊治的50例（62个甲状腺结节）甲状腺结节并行手术治疗的患者临床资料，术前均行超声诊断，比较超声检查与手术病理对结节分型的诊断率、良恶性结节的诊断率、良恶性结节超声诊断指标（边界不清楚、形态不规则、内部回声低、无声晕、有钙化、纵横比≥1）发生率、良恶性结节血流信号分布情况，结果 超声诊断50例，62个甲状腺结节与术后病理结果比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；良性（72.58%）和恶性结节（27.41%）超声诊断率分别与术后病理诊断率69.35%、30.64%比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）， 恶性结节超声诊断指标边界不清楚、形态不规则、内部回声低、无声晕、有钙化、纵横比≥1发生率与良性结节比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；甲状腺良性结节血流信号分布少于恶性结节，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 超声诊断甲状腺结节准确率高，对患者无创伤、操作简单，且可显示良恶性结节超声征象特点，为良恶性鉴别诊断提供可靠的参考依据，具有重要的临床应用价值。

Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasonographic Analysis of Thyroid Nodules

Objective To analyze the ultrasound diagnosis and characteristics of ultrasound signs of thyroid nodules.Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 50 patients (62 thyroid nodules) treated with thyroid nodules in our hospital from March 2018 to March 2019. All patients underwent ultrasound diagnosis before surgery, comparing ultrasound and surgical pathology. Diagnostic rate of nodule classification, diagnosis rate of benign and malignant nodules, ultrasound diagnosis index of benign and malignant nodules (irregular shape, unclear boundary, low internal echo, calcification, no halo, aspect ratio ≥1) , the distribution of blood flow signals of benign and malignant nodules.Results Ultrasound diagnosis of 50 cases, 62 thyroid nodules compared with postoperative pathological results, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05); benign (72.58%) and malignant nodules (27.41%) ultrasound diagnosis rate and postoperative pathological diagnosis The rate was 69.35% and 30.64%,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The malignant nodule ultrasound diagnosis index was irregular in shape, the boundary was unclear, the internal echo was low, there was calcification, no stun, and the aspect ratio ≥1 occurred. Compared with benign nodules, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the distribution of blood flow signals in benign nodules of thyroid nodules was less than that of malignant nodules,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules has high accuracy, no trauma to patients, simple operation, and can show the characteristics of benign and malignant nodules. It provides a reliable reference for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant and has important clinical application value.