2013~2018年天津市津南区0~14岁儿童H3N2亚型流感病原学监测分析

目的 分析天津市津南区2013~2018年H3N2亚型流感病毒流行特征，为流感防控策略的制定提供依据。方法 采集天津市津南区唯一一家流感监测哨点医院（咸水沽医院）的流感样病例（ILI）咽拭子标本，进行实时荧光定量PCR检测，对H3N2亚型流感病毒检测阳性标本进行统计分析。结果 天津市津南区2013~2018年共检测2972例ILI病例标本，其中H3N2亚型流感病毒核酸检测阳性245例，总阳性率是9.59%；5个监测年度检测的ILI样本H3N2亚型流感核酸阳性率分别是2.21%、17.80%、4.60%、16.41%和6.86%，各年度间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；不同性别人群的H3N2亚型流感阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；各年龄组的H3N2亚型流感阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但3~8岁儿童ILI监测H3N2流感阳性病例数最多。结论 天津市津南区H3N2亚型流感病毒呈年度周期性流行，多发于冬春季，是近些年流感流行的主要型别，学龄儿童是H3N2亚型流感防控的重点人群，为更好防控流感，及时掌握流行趋势，仍需加强监测。

Analysis of Pathogens of H3N2 Subtype Influenza in Children Aged 0~14 Years in Jinnan District of Tianjin From 2013 to 2018

Abstract:Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Jinnan District of Tianjin from 2013 to 2018, and to provide evidence for the development of influenza prevention and control strategies. Methods The swine swab specimens of influenza-like cases (ILI) were collected from the only influenza surveillance sentinel hospital in Tianjin Jinnan District. The real-time quantitative PCR was performed to analyze the positive samples of H3N2 subtype influenza virus.Results In the Jinnan District of Tianjin, a total of 2972 ILI cases were detected from 2013 to 2018, among which 245 were positive for H3N2 subtype influenza virus, and the total positive rate was 9.59%. The positive rate of H3N2 subtype influenza nucleic acid in the five monitoring years were 2.21%, 17.80%, 4.60%, 16.41%, and 6.86%, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of H3N2 subtypes among different gender groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of H3N2 subtype influenza in all age groups (P>0.05), but the number of H3N2 influenza positive cases was the highest in children with 3 to 8 years old.Conclusion The H3N2 subtype influenza virus in Jinnan District of Tianjin is an annual cyclical epidemic, which occurs mostly in winter and spring. It is the main type of influenza epidemic in recent years. School-age children are the key population of H3N2 subtype influenza prevention and control, for better prevention and control. Influenza, timely grasp of fashion trends, still needs to strengthen monitoring.