冠状动脉搭桥术后患者社会支持、应对方式与生存质量的相关性研究

目的探讨冠状动脉搭桥术（coronary artery bypass graft，GABG）后患者社会支持、应对方式与生存质量的相关性。方法应用社会支持评定量表、简易医学应对问卷、SF-36生存质量量表对42例冠状动脉搭桥术后患者进行调查。结果冠状动脉搭桥术后患者社会支持总分高于国内常模（P〈0．01）。应对方式中采用面对应对方式的得分高于常模（P〈0．05）；回避应对方式的得分与常模相似（P〉0．05）；屈服应对方式得分低于常模（P〈0．05）。面对应对方式与SF-36总分及躯体功能、机体疼痛、总体健康、活力、情感角色和心理健康均呈正相关（均P〈0．05）。回避应对方式与总健康及情感角色呈负相关（P〈0．05）；屈服应对方式与社会功能及心理健康呈负相关（P〈0．01）。社会支持总分与躯体功能、总体健康感觉、活力、情感功能及心理健康维度均呈正相关（均P〈0．05）；主观支持与SF-36总分及其活力、心理健康维度呈正相关（均P〈0．05）；社会支持利用度与活力、社会功能、情感角色、心理健康及SF-36总分均呈正相关（均P〈0．05）。结论CABG患者所获得的社会支持、采取的应对方式在一定程度上影响术后患者的生活质量。护理人员应认识良好的社会支持与积极的应对方式对CABG术后患者康复的重要性。并及时、及早评估CABG患者的社会支持系统及其所采取的应对方式对生活质量的影响．制订综合性护理干预方案，以提高患者的生活质量。

A correlative study on social support, coping style and life quality in patients after coronary bypass surgery

Objective To study the correlation of social support, coping style and life quality in patients after coronary bypass surgery. Method 42 patients after coronary bypass surgery were assessed with questionnaires on social support, medical coping model and SF-36 health survey. Results A total score on social support for the coronary bypass patients was higher than that in the norm in China （P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the norm in China, their scores on the coping style of the confrontation group were higher （P 〈 0.05）, similar in avoidance group （P 〉 0.05） and lower （all P 〈 0.05）. There was a significandy positive correlation of the confrontation coping style with SF-36 scores, physical function, pain, general health, vitality, emotion and psychological health, respectively （P 〈 0.05）. There was a negative correlation of avoidance with general health and emotion （P 〈 0.05）, so was it with resignation with social function and psychological health （P 〈 0.01）. There were markedly positive correlations between the scores of social support and the status of physical function, general health, vitality, emotion and psychological health （P 〈 0.05）, between subjective support and SF-36 scores, vitality, psychological health status （P 〈 0.05）, and between the utilization of social support and vitality, emotion, psychological health as well as SF-36 scores （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions The life quality in patients after CABG is, to some extent, influenced by their social support and coping style. Nursing staffs in clinical practice should recognize the importance of a better social support and active coping style of CABG patients, and evaluate the effectiveness of social support and coping style on the quality of life of CABG patients as soon as possible, and work out a comprehensive nursing plan for an effective psychological treatment in order to improve their life quality.