临床护士职业压力与社会支持的相关性研究

目的：描述临床护士的职业压力及其社会支持情况,探讨职业压力与社会支持,尤其是家庭支持的相关性。方法：采用便利抽样的方法,采用自制问卷及领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）,对某三级甲等综合医院1287位护士进行调查。结果：临床护士的职业压力评分均值为3.38±0.79,处于中度压力水平,其中最大的职业压力来源是认为护理是高风险职业,其次是经常超时工作及工作强度大。职业压力与社会支持水平呈负相关（r=-0.446,P〈0.01）,经多重线性回归分析,进入回归方程的变量为家庭支持。结论：护士受到来自护理职业的压力较高,主要为护理是高风险的职业、经常超时工作及工作强度大。家庭支持对缓解护士的压力有较大的作用。

The relationship between occupational stress and social support of clinical nurses

Objective：To describe the level of occupational stress of general clinical nurses and their social support and to discuss the relationship of them. Methods： From October 20077 to January 2008. By convenience sampling, 1 287 nurses in certain hospital were enrolled our study and investigated by questionnaire of Occupational Stress of clinical nurse and Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS）. Results： The average score of occupational stress of clinical nurses was 3.38 ± 0.79, which in the middle level. The main stress was that regarding nursing as a high risk career, maximums working intensity and always overload work. There was a significant negative correlation between occupational stress and social support for nurses in wards. And the support by the family was into the equation by multi-linear regression. Conclusion：The level of occupational stress of clinical nurses was relatively high. It was influenced by careered character, overload work. It is suggested to pay more attention to the cause of stress and how to reduce the stress, such as intensifying the support of social support particularly the family＇s support, which will be benefit for reducing the stress of clinical nurses.