阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗精神分裂症的对照研究

目的比较阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗精神分裂症患者的疗效、不良反应及生活质量的影响。方法将68例精神分裂症患者，随机分为阿立哌唑组（研究组）和利培酮组（对照组），每组34例，分别给予阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗8周，采用阳性和阴性综合征量表（PANSS）评定疗效，治疗中需处理的不良反应症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应，以生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI-74）评定生活质量。结果两组治疗后第4、8周末PANSS量表总分及各因子分与治疗前比较均显著降低（P〈0．01）。两组不良反应均较轻微，研究组不良反应发生率61．8％，对照组不良反应发生率70．6％，两组不良反应总发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。研究组不良反应主要为失眠，且多于对照组（P〈0．05），对照组在口干、静坐不能、肌强直、体质量增加、泌乳、月经异常、血糖升高不良反应方面多于研究组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。治疗后第8周末与治疗前比较两组GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康、心理健康及社会功能均显著升高（P〈0．01）。结论阿立哌唑与利培酮治疗精神分裂症疗效相当，不良反应小，均可提高患者生活质量。

A comparative study of aripiprazole vs. risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Objective To investigate the efficacy, side effects and the improvement of quality of life in schizophrenic patients treated with aripiprazole or risperidone. Methods 68 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into study group treated with aripiprazole （ n = 34） and control group treated with risperidone （ n = 34） for 8 weeks. Positive and Negative Syndorme Scale （PANSS）, Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale （TESS） and General Quality Of Life Inventory （GQOLI-74） were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy, side effects and quality of life respectively. Results Total score and factor scores of PANSS at the end of the 4th, 8th week in both groups decreased significantly when compared with the baseline （P 〈0.01 ）. Side effects in both groups were mild and there was no significant difference in incidence of side effects between study group and control group （61.8% vs. 70.6% , P 〉0.05 ）. The main side effect in study group was insomnia, which occurred more frequently than that in control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidences of side effects in control group such as dry mouth, akathisia, myotonia, weight gain, lactation, abnormal menstruation and elevated blood sugar were significantly higher than those in study group （ P 〈 0.05 or 0.01 ）. Compared with the baseline, total score of GQOLI-74 and factor scores of physical health, mental health, social function in GQOLI-74 in both groups increased significantly at the end of the 8-week treatment （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Aripiprazole is equivalent with risperidone in efficacy in treatment of schizophrenia. They both have few side effects can improve quality of life.