400例机器人微创心脏手术入路

目的 分析机器人微创心脏手术手术入路及技术特点,总结选择手术入路的依据和不同手术入路的适用术式.方法 2007年1月至2011年3月,解放军总医院心血管外科使用"达芬奇S"全机器人手术系统,完成微创心脏手术400例.术中根据病种、手术计划及患者体形,于单侧胸壁开直径1cm的小孔 3～4个,并同机器人手臂系统连接.术者于控制台前遥拎器械完成手术.机械臂的位置、角度依据手术类型和术中要求作相应调整.超声引导下于右侧股动静脉及右侧颈内静脉插管建立体外循环.结果 右侧胸壁入路221例,用于房、室间隔缺损修补、二尖瓣手术、心房黏液瘤切除等体外循环下心内直视手术;左侧胸壁打孔178例,用于单侧或双侧内乳动脉游离、心脏不停跳下冠状动脉旁路移植术、心包疾病和纵隔肿瘤切除手术.1例患者因胸膜重度粘连改为正中开胸,其余患者均成功接受机器人微创心脏手术.术中无严重的机械臂碰撞、机械功能障碍而影响手术进程或导致术式转化.术后疼痛程度减轻,切口美观.结论 机器人微创心脏手术可安全的应用于常见心脏疾病的外科治疗,采用右侧或左侧胸壁打孔,手术入路应根据手术要求和患者的体形选择并作精确调整.

Abstract：

Objective Subject To summary the port placement and system set-up for robotic minimally invasive heart surgery using da Vinci S system in China. Methods 400 patients accepted selective robotic minimally invasive heart surgery from January 2007 to January 2011. We conducted a retrospective review of port placement and system set-up for all the surgeries. During the surgery 3-4 ports were made in the lateral thoracic wall and the position of ports were modulated according to the types of diseases, the procedure and patients' habitus. The surgeon completed the procedure before the surgeon console.The arms of da Vinci S system was adjusted according to surgery procedure. Results The right lateral ports were suitable for the intracardiac operation with extracorporeal circulation. And the left lateral ports can be used in the inner thoracic artery harvesting and coronary bypass graft on beating heart. Except for 1 case changed to sternotomy because of sever pleural adhesions,no arms collision and mechanical malfunction during the surgery that leaded to surgical conversion. Conclusion Robotic minimally invasive heart surgery can be safely applied to partial cardiac surgeries. The port position and system set-up should be adjusted according to the habitus of patients and surgical requirement.

The choise of port access for robotic minimally invasive heart surgery using da Vinci S system

Objective Subject To summary the port placement and system set-up for robotic minimally invasive heart surgery using da Vinci S system in China. Methods 400 patients accepted selective robotic minimally invasive heart surgery from January 2007 to January 2011. We conducted a retrospective review of port placement and system set-up for all the surgeries. During the surgery 3-4 ports were made in the lateral thoracic wall and the position of ports were modulated according to the types of diseases, the procedure and patients' habitus. The surgeon completed the procedure before the surgeon console.The arms of da Vinci S system was adjusted according to surgery procedure. Results The right lateral ports were suitable for the intracardiac operation with extracorporeal circulation. And the left lateral ports can be used in the inner thoracic artery harvesting and coronary bypass graft on beating heart. Except for 1 case changed to sternotomy because of sever pleural adhesions,no arms collision and mechanical malfunction during the surgery that leaded to surgical conversion. Conclusion Robotic minimally invasive heart surgery can be safely applied to partial cardiac surgeries. The port position and system set-up should be adjusted according to the habitus of patients and surgical requirement.