上海市出租车司机饮食行为现状调查

目的了解出租车司机饮食行为和膳食结构的特点,为相关部门制定健康教育策略提供依据。方法以随机拦截的方法,对上海虹桥机场蓄车池中的1018名出租车司机进行问卷调查。结果出租车司机每日在外就餐以及1日3餐均在外就餐的比例分别为98.4%和44.6%;吃早餐的司机中96.6%的司机的早餐营养不充足,仅0.9%的司机早餐营养充足;司机中不吃早餐、午餐和晚餐的比例分别为3.0%、2.0%和2.4%;司机工作在外时,午餐和晚餐主要是"主食+荤菜+素菜"的膳食构成模式,较少选择水果;司机选择午餐和晚餐的就餐环境,干净卫生和能吃饱是主要考虑的因素,仅4%左右的司机会考虑营养的因素,其中市区司机选择午餐和晚餐时考虑营养的比例高于郊区司机。结论出租车司机存在饮食不规律,1日3餐分配和膳食结构不合理的现象,应加强出租车司机的营养知识宣传教育,降低超重和肥胖,预防高血压等慢性病的发生。

Analysis on dietary behaviors among taxi drivers in Shanghai City

Objective To understand the dietary behaviors and practices characteristic among taxi drivers in Shanghai,and provide evidence for health policy making.Methods By using the method of random intercept,1018 taxi drivers were randomly sampled from taxi parking in Shanghai Hongqiao Airport and a questionnaire survey was conducted.Results 98.4% of taxi drivers ate outside and 44.6% of them had meals outside 3 times per day.96.6% of taxi drivers who took breakfast had inadequate breakfast nutrition.The proportion of adequate nutritional breakfast was only 0.9%.The proportions of taxi drivers without breakfast,lunch or dinner were 3.0%,2.0% and 2.4%,respectively.Dietary structure of lunch and dinner among taxi drivers were "grain + meat + vegetables" when they worked outside.The reasons for choosing eatery were sanitary and amount,few of them considered about nutrition.Only 4% of them thought over nutrition,and the proportion of urban drivers who considered about nutrition was higher than that of rural drivers.Conclusion Eating disorders,unreasonable distribution of meals and dietary structures still exist in taxi drivers.The health education on nutrition should be enhanced among taxi drivers to reduce the incidences of obesity and overweight and prevent chronic diseases like hypertension.